The Iranian Chrysididae (Hymenoptera), the current state of the art, with an updated checklist and description of eleven new species

Paolo Rosa

University of Mons, Research Institute for Biosciences, Laboratory of Zoology, Mons, Belgium.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-5297

Afrouz Farhad

Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

Ali Asghar Talebi

Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-6391

Ali Ameri

Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-8494 

Daniele Baiocchi

Via Matteo Babini 26, I-00139 Roma, Italy.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0613-8759

Marek Halada

Milady Horákové 74, České Budějovice, CZ-37012, Czech Republic.

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3922-2833

Ehsan Rakhshani

Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, 98615–538, I.R. Iran.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5199-762X 

Citation: Rosa, P., Farhad, A., Talebi, A.A., Ameri, A., Baiocchi, D., Halada, M. & Rakhshani, E. (2024) The Iranian Chrysididae (Hymenoptera), the current state of the art, with an updated checklist and description of eleven new species. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 10 (4), 827–951.

Corresponding author: Rosa, P., E-mail: paolo.rosa@umons.ac.be

Copyright © 2024, Rosa et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons NonCommercial Attribution License (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material, under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT. ................................................................................................................................................ 830

INTRODUCTION. ....................................................................................................................................... 830

MATERIAL AND METHODS........................................................................................................................... 831

RESULTS.................................................................................................................................................... 832

Subfamily Cleptinae Latreille, 1802. ............................................................................................... 832

Genus Cleptes Latreille, 1802. ........................................................................................................... 832

Subfamily Chrysidinae Latreille, 1802. ............................................................................................ 832

Tribe Elampini Dahlbom, 1854. ..................................................................................................... 832

Genus Chrysellampus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932............................................................................ 833

Genus Colpopyga Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954.................................................................................. 833

Genus Elampus Spinola, 1806............................................................................................................ 833

Genus Haba Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954. ....................................................................................... 834

Genus Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878....................................................................................... 835

Genus Hedychrum Latreille, 1802....................................................................................................... 844

Genus Holopyga Dahlbom, 1845. ....................................................................................................... 847

Genus Omalus Panzer, 1801. ............................................................................................................ 851

Genus Philoctetes Abeille de Perrin, 1879............................................................................................ 852

Genus Pseudomalus Ashmead, 1902................................................................................................... 854

Tribe Chrysidini Latreille, 1802. .................................................................................................... 854

Genus Chrysidea Bischoff, 1913. ........................................................................................................ 854

Genus Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761............................................................................................................ 855

Genus Chrysura Dahlbom, 1845. ....................................................................................................... 911

Genus Euchroeus Latreille, 1809. ....................................................................................................... 920

Genus Morphochrysis Rosa & Pavesi, 2023. ........................................................................................ 920

Genus Pentachrysis Lichtenstein, 1876. .............................................................................................. 922

Genus Pseudochrysis Semenow, 1891................................................................................................. 923

Genus Spinolia Dahlbom, 1854. ......................................................................................................... 923

Genus Spintharina Semenow, 1892. .................................................................................................. 924

Genus Stilbum Spinola, 1806. ............................................................................................................ 926

Genus Trichrysis Lichtenstein, 1876. .................................................................................................. 927

Tribe Parnopini Dahlbom, 1854. .................................................................................................... 928

Genus Cephaloparnops Bischoff, 1910. .............................................................................................. 928

Genus Jsadelphus Semenow, 1901. ................................................................................................... 928

Genus Parnopes Latreille, 1797. ........................................................................................................ 928

DISCUSSION. ............................................................................................................................................ 929

REFERENCES. ............................................................................................................................................ 938

ABSTRACT. In recent years, the research on the Iranian Chrysididae has been extremely prolific, thanks to the efforts of different teams. After the first checklist published by Rosa et al. (2013), more than one hundred taxa of cuckoo wasps have been recorded as new for Iran, including nine taxa described as new for science. Moreover, major modifications impacted the taxonomy of the family with two genera revaluated (Chrysellampus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932 and Colpopyga Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954), Pseudochrysis Semenow, 1891 reintroduced for Pseudospinolia Linsenmaier, 1951; the description of the genus Morphochrysis Rosa & Pavesi, 2023 and several taxonomical changes to species level which were published and that deeply changed the first checklist, namely. As a consequence of all these fragmented changes, we propose a new, updated checklist of the Iranian species, to summarize all the new findings published in the last years. We describe eleven new species for science, Chrysis amerii Rosa & Farhad, sp. nov., C. chamrosh Rosa, sp. nov., C. crenulata Rosa, sp. nov., C. edentata Rosa & Baiocchi, sp. nov., C. peri Rosa & Baiocchi, sp. nov. and C. titanica Rosa, sp. nov. (succincta group), C. mediasignata Rosa, sp. nov. (leachii group), C. heimi Rosa, sp. nov. (maculicornis group), C. simurgh Rosa, sp. nov. (subsinuata group), Chrysura filidichroa Rosa, sp. nov. (dichroa group) and Hedychridium personatum Rosa, sp. nov. with its own new species-group. We report twenty-six new records of Chrysidinae for Iran: Chrysidea disclusa (Linsenmaier, 1959); Chrysis afghanica Linsenmaier, 1968; C. cylindrica Eversmann, 1858; C. echidna Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967; C. grohmanni bolivari Mercet, 1902; C. klio Balthasar, 1953; C. laetula Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol'skaya, 1954; C. leuconoe Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967; C. maracandensis Radoszkowski, 1877; C. mirabilis Radoszkovsky, 1877; C. mossulensis Abeille de Perrin-du Buysson, 1887; C. pseudobrevitarsis Linsenmaier, 1951; C. robertsi Rosa, 2020; C. rutilans Olivier, 1791; C. turcomana Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol'skaya, 1954; Chrysura laodamia laodamia (du Buysson, 1900); Euchroeus pellucidus (Radoszkowski, 1877); Hedychridium bytinskii Linsenmaier, 1959; H. mochii Strumia, 1994; H. plagiatum (Mocsáry, 1883); Hedychrum concinnum (Mocsáry, 1909); H. semicyaneum Mocsáry, 1889; Spinolia stchurovskyi (Radoszkowski, 1877); Spintharina extrema (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol’skaya, 1954), and S. houskai (Balthasar, 1953). The current number of known taxa has therefore increased from 185 (179 species and 6 subspecies) to 315 (306 species + 9 subspecies). Hedychrum persicum Mocsáry, 1914 stat. nov. is upgraded to species rank. Chrysis chrysophora Semenow, 1892 and Hedychrum cyaneum Brullé, 1846 are considered nomina dubia and the latter as incertae sedis. Chrysis dawahi Strumia, 2012 is considered nomen nudum. The majority of chrysidid species in Iran (77.64%) are found exclusively in the Western Palaearctic region. Among these, 21% are restricted to the Western Palaearctic. A thorough discussion is also provided on unreliable and doubtful species records.

Key words: Cleptinae, Chrysidini, cuckoo wasps, distribution, Elampini, Parnopini

INTRODUCTION

In recent years, the study of cuckoo wasps in the Iranian fauna has attracted unprecedented interest, even surpassing that observed in neighboring countries. In about a decade, thanks to the efforts of various research groups, the number of known taxa has increased from 185 (179 species and 6 subspecies) known before this article, to 279 cited herein (271 species and 8 subspecies). The initial milestone in this rapid advancement was the publication of the first preliminary checklist of Iranian Chrysididae by Rosa et al. (2013), which marked the outset of an ongoing expansion in understanding this group's faunal diversity within Iran. In recent years, over twenty articles have been published to emphasize the richness of chrysidid fauna in Iran (Rosa & Lotfalizadeh, 2013; Rosa et al., 2013; Torabipour et al., 2013a, 2013b; Ebrahimi, 2015; Farhad et al., 2015a, 2015b; 2016a, 2016b, 2017, 2018, 2019; Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015; Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015, 2016; Strumia et al., 2016a, 2016b; Farzaneh et al., 2016, 2017; Iranmanesh et al., 2017; Falahatpisheh et al., 2019, 2020, 2021; Rosa, 2020). Furthermore, numerous discoveries and revisions in nomenclature and taxonomy involving Iranian chrysidids have significantly changed the previous classification of genera and species, compared to just a few years ago, and to the framework of the main world catalogue by Kimsey & Bohart (1991) (e.g. Rosa, 2017, 2018a, 2018b; Rosa & Vårdal, 2015, Rosa et al., 2015d, 2017a, 2017c, 2017d, 2023a, 2023b; Boustani & Rosa, 2022). In particular, some major changes impacted the classification of the chrysidid genera after the publication of the checklist by Rosa et al. (2013): Chrysellampus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932 and Colpopyga Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954 were reinstated (Rosa et al., 2015c; Rosa, 2017); the name Pseudochrysis Semenow, 1891 was reintroduced for Pseudospinolia Linsenmaier, 1951 (Rosa et al., 2017c); the genus Morphochrysis Rosa & Pavesi, 2023 was described to accommodate the species of the pulchella species-group (Rosa et al., 2023a), while members of the inaequalis species-group were confirmed to be Pentachrysis Lichtenstein, 1876 (Pauli et al., 2019), as previously suggested by Linsenmaier (1959a, 1968, 1999). Further changes involved species names and species concepts, as outlined in detail in the final discussions.

This publication aims to consolidate and summarize the diverse changes concerning the Iranian fauna, encompassing species composition, taxonomy, and nomenclature. These modifications, previously dispersed across various journals, are synthesized to offer an updated version of the previous checklist.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The present checklist includes data gathered from literature, museums and private collections. New materials were collected mostly in northern provinces (Gilan, Mazandaran, Alborz, and Qazvin) and southern provinces (Hormozgan, Kerman, and Fars) using the Malaise traps and sweep netting during the years 2010–2013, and are mostly conserved in the Iranian collections of the Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran (TMUC). Other type specimens are deposited in the collection of the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milan, Italy (MSNM). Important collections outside Iran with referenced Iranian materials are Natural History Museum Prague, Czech Republic (NHMP); NaturMuseum, Luzern, Switzerland (NMLU); Biodiversitätszentrum Oberösterreichische, Linz, Austria (BZL); Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia (ZIN) and the private collections of the first author (PRC), Daniele Baiocchi (Roma, Italy, DBC) and Marek Halada (Czech Republic, MHC).

In the present paper, we follow Linsenmaier (1968, 1987, 1997, 1999) for the definition of the geographic concept of Palestine, intended as the area currently composed of the modern State of Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip. In this sense, “Palestine” is considered as the geographical region in Western Asia without any reference to the current land claimed by the State of Israel. The definitions of holotype, neotype, lectotype, etc. are used according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999), fourth edition. Names of genera are listed alphabetically within tribes, and species names are listed alphabetically within genera. New records for Iran are asterisked (*) in the distribution. The present checklist is intended as an emendation of the first one (Rosa et al., 2013), which is considered as the base-line for old citations. Historical records and citations for species already mentioned in the first checklist are therefore not reported here. Personal comments are enclosed in square brackets [ ]. Photographs of the specimens were taken with a Keyence VHX-970F with a VHX-7020 photo camera and the objective VH-Z20R/Z20T. Abbreviations used in the taxonomic part and the descriptions are as follows: descr. = description; fig. = figure; F1, F2, F3, etc. = flagellomeres 1, 2, 3, etc., respectively; MOD = median ocellus diameter (measured in frontal view); MS = malar space (the shortest distance between base of mandible and lowest margin of compound eye); OOL = oculo-ocellar line (the shortest distance between posterior ocellus and compound eye); P = pedicel; POL = posterior ocellar line (the shortest distance between posterior ocelli); S = metasomal sternum; T = metasomal tergum; tax. = taxonomic discussion.

RESULTS

A total of 315 species of the family Chrysididae are recorded from Iran, divided into 25 genera, belonging to two subfamilies and three tribes, among which eleven new species are listed.

Taxonomic hierarchy

Class Insecta Linnaeus, 1758

Order Hymenoptera Linnaeus, 1758

Superfamily Chrysidoidea Latreille, 1802

Family Chrysididae Latreille, 1802

Subfamily Cleptinae Latreille, 1802

Genus Cleptes Latreille, 1802

Cleptes Latreille, 1802:316. Type species: Sphex semiaurata Linnaeus, 1761 [= Cleptes semiauratus (Linnaeus, 1761)], by monotypy.

Cleptes semiauratus (Linnaeus, 1761)

Sphex semiauratus Linnaeus, 1761:413. Lectotype ♀ designated by Day, 1979:72; Sweden: Scania (type depository: London, Linnean Society).

Cleptes semiauratus: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:17 (Alborz).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz). Widely distributed from Europe to Caucasus and Türkiye (Móczár, 2001).

Remarks. The specimen listed by Strumia & Fallahzadeh (2015) may refer to Chrysis striatipleuris Rosa, Forshage, Paukkunen & Soon, 2015, which is mostly distributed in the Southern Palaearctic. The identification of the two specimens cited by Strumia & Fallahzadeh (2015) was done before the revision of these two Cleptes species by Rosa et al. (2015b). A confirmation of the identification is needed.

Cleptes splendidus (Fabricius, 1794)

Ichneumon splendidus Fabricius, 1794:457. Holotype ♂; Italy (Copenhagen).

Cleptes hyrcanus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1920:322. Holotype ♂; Iran: Gorgan [former Astrabad], 3.v.1914, A. Kirichenko (St. Petersburg).

Cleptes splendidus: Rosa et al., 2013:4 (Golestan); Farzaneh et al., 2017:495 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Golestan). Widespread in the Palaearctic, namely Europe, Georgia, Türkiye, and Southern Russia (Móczár, 1997, 1998).

Cleptes striatipleuris Rosa, Forshage, Paukkunen & Soon, 2015

Cleptes striatipleuris Rosa, Forshage, Paukkunen & Soon, 2015:547. Holotype ♂; Hungary: Verőce, 35 km N Budapest (Tartu).

Cleptes striatipleuris: Falahatpisheh et al., 2021:138 (Fars).

Material examined. 1♂, Fars: SE of Khomer, Kuh-e Barm Firuz, 30°25'24"N, 51°53'38"E, 2600m, 15.v.2013, leg. D. Baiocchi (PRC).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). South-eastern Europe, Caucasus, Russia, and USA (Rosa et al., 2015b, 2019).

Subfamily Chrysidinae Latreille, 1802

Tribe Elampini Dahlbom, 1854

Genus Chrysellampus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932

Chrysellampus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932:5. Type species: Ellampus heros Semenow, 1892, by original designation. Junior subjective synonym of Philoctetes Abeille de Perrin, 1879 according to Kimsey & Bohart (1991) and Rosa et al. (2013). Genus revalidated by Rosa et al. (2015c).

Chrysellampus medanae (du Buysson, 1890)

Ellampus medanae du Buysson [in Magretti], 1890:531. Lectotype ♀ designated by Rosa, 2009:244; Lebanon: Alei (Genoa).

Philoctetes medanae: Rosa et al., 2013:13 (Alborz, Golestan, Markazi, Qazvin).

Chrysellampus medanae: Iranmanesh et al., 2017:296 (key); Farhad et al., 2018:192 (key, Alborz, Qazvin).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Golestan, Markazi, Qazvin). Lebanon, Syria, Türkiye (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysellampus pici (du Buysson, 1900)

Ellampus pici du Buysson, 1900:126. Holotype ♂; Türkiye: Smyrne [currently İzmir] (Paris).

Omalus (Chrysellampus) nigromaculatus Linsenmaier, 1997:249. Holotype ♂; Türkiye: Ankara (Luzern).

Chrysellampus shestakovi Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:119. Holotype ♂; Turkmenistan: Firyuza (St. Petersburg).

Chrysellampus pici: Iranmanesh et al., 2017:296 (key); Farhad et al., 2018:192 (key), 193 (Fars, Tehran).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Tehran). Greece (Peloponnese and Rhodes) (Arens, 2014), Türkiye (du Buysson, 1900).

Chrysellampus tatianae (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967)

Chrysellampus tatianae Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:120. Holotype ♂; Iran: East-Azarbaijan: Tabriz (St. Petersburg).

Philoctetes tatianae: Rosa et al., 2013:13.

Chrysellampus tatianae: Iranmanesh et al., 2017:294 (Kerman), 296 (key, fig. 2). Farhad et al., 2018:193 (Alborz Province); Farhad et al., 2018:192 (key), 193 (Alborz, East-Azarbaijan).

Distribution. Iran (Kerman, Alborz, East-Azarbaijan). Central Asia (Kimsey & Bohart, 1991).

Genus Colpopyga Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954

Colpopyga Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954:137. Type species: Hedychrum flavipes Eversmann, 1858, by original designation. Junior subjective synonym of Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878 according to Linsenmaier (1959a), Kimsey & Bohart (1991) and Rosa et al. (2013). Palaearctic species revised by Rosa (2017).

Colpopyga flavipes rugulosa (Linsenmaier, 1959)

Hedychridium (Hedychridium) flavipes rugulosum Linsenmaier, 1959a:57. Holotype ♀; Cyprus: Limassol (Luzern).

Hedychridium flavipes rugulosum: Torabipour et al., 2013a (East-Azarbaijan); Ebrahimi, 2015:57 (East-Azarbaijan); Rosa et al., 2013:5 (East-Azarbaijan); Strumia et al., 2016b:52 (Fars); Farzaneh et al., 2017:495 (Fars); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:2 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan, Fars). West-Palaearctic, Cyprus, Palestine, Middle East; Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan; Northern Africa: Egypt (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Genus Elampus Spinola, 1806

Elampus Spinola, 1806:10. Type species: Chrysis panzeri Fabricius, 1804 [= Elampus panzeri (Fabricius, 1804)], by subsequent designation of Latreille, 1810:437.

Elampus constrictus (Förster, 1853)

Notozus constrictus Förster, 1853:336. Holotype ♂; Germany: Aachen (Berlin).

Elampus constrictus: Rosa et al., 2013:4 (Markazi); Rosa, 2020:462 (Gilan).

Distribution. Iran (Gilan, Markazi). Palaearctic, from Northern Africa (Linsenmaier, 1959a, 1968) to Europe, Russia and China (Rosa et al., 2014).

Elampus eversmanni (Mocsáry, 1889)

Elampus ambiguus Eversmann, 1858:549. Holotype ♂; Russia: Saratov Prov. (Kraków), nom. praeocc., nec Dahlbom, 1854.

Ellampus (Notozus) eversmanni Mocsáry, 1889:80. Replacement name for Elampus ambiguus Eversmann, 1858.

Elampus eversmanni: Rosa et al., 2013:4 (Esfahan).

Distribution. Iran (Esfahan). Russia, Caucasus, Central Asia: Kazakhstan (Rosa et al., 2013).

Elampus hyrcanus (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967)

Notozus hyrcanus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:126. Holotype ♂; Iran: near Gorgan [former Astrabad], 27.iv.1914, A. Kirichenko (St. Petersburg).

Elampus hyrcanus: Rosa et al., 2013:4 (Golestan).

Distribution. Iran (Golestan) (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967).

Elampus kashmirensis (Nurse, 1902)

Notozus kashmirensis Nurse, 1902:305. Lectotype ♀ designated by Kimsey, 1986; Pakistan: Kashmir, on the banks of Jhelum (London).

Elampus kashmirensis: Iranmanesh et al., 2017:296 (Kerman), 301 (fig. 3E–F); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:2 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Kerman). Pakistan (Nurse, 1902).

Elampus panzeri (Fabricius, 1804)

Chrysis scutellaris Panzer, 1798:11, nom. praeocc., nec Fabricius, 1794. Type unknown; Germany (type depository probably Berlin).

Chrysis Panzeri Fabricius, 1804:172, replacement name for Chrysis scutellaris Panzer, 1798.

Elampus panzeri: Rosa, 2020:462 (Kordestan).

Distribution. Iran (Kordestan). Euroasiatic, from Europe to China (Heilongjiang) (Rosa et al., 2014).

Elampus sidus (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967)

Notozus sidus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:121. Holotype ♂; Iran: Shakhrud [Shahrud, Semnan province] (St. Petersburg).

Elampus sidus: Rosa et al., 2013:5 (Semnan).

Distribution. Iran (Semnan) (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967).

Elampus spina (Lepeletier, 1806)

Hedychrum spinus Lepeletier, 1806:121. Holotype ♀ [not ♂]; France: Meudon (Paris or Turin).

Elampus spina: Rosa, 2020:462 (Hamadan).

Distribution. Iran (Hamadan). West Palaearctic, from Southern Europe and Northern Africa to Russia and Central Asia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Elampus violascens (Mocsáry, 1889)

Ellampus (Notozus) violascens Mocsáry, 1889:81. Holotype ♀; Uzbekistan: Taschkent (Krakow).

Elampus violascens: Ebrahimi, 2015:55 (Khorasan-e Razavi).

Distribution. Iran (Khorasan-e Razavi). Central Asian countries (du Buysson, 1891–1896; Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol’skaya, 1954; Linsenmaier, 1959a; Kimsey & Bohart, 1991).

Remarks. Elampus violascens was also recorded by Torabipour et al. (2013a), as it was already examined and confirmed. However, figure 1C refers to another species, Chrysis insperata Chevrier, 1870, possibly due to incorrect labelling and photographing of these two taxa.

Genus Haba Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954

Haba Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954:143. Type species: Holopyga almasyana Mocsáry, 1911. Original designation.

Haba colonialis (Mocsáry, 1911)

Holopyga colonialis Mocsáry, 1911:449. Holotype ♂; Eritrea, Keren (Budapest).

Haba colonialis: Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:3 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Eritrea, UAE, and Saudi Arabia, appear to be widespread in the Arabian Peninsula (Falahatpisheh et al., 2019).

Haba persica Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2016

Haba biroi: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:16 (Buyer Ahmad, Fars).

Haba persica Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2016:359. Holotype ♀; Iran: Kohgiluyeh and Buyer Ahmad, Sisakht, 2370 m, 30°52'N, 51°25'E, 7.v.2008, leg. D. Gianasso (paratype from Fars) (Pisa).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Kohgiluyeh and Buyer Ahmad).

Genus Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878

Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878:3. Type species: Hedychrum minutum Lepeletier, 1806 [= Hedychridium ardens (Coquebert, 1801)], by subsequent designation of Ashmead, 1902:227.

Hedychridium biskranum Linsenmaier, 1999

Hedychridium (Hedychridium) biskranum Linsenmaier, 1999:85. Holotype ♀; Algeria: Biskra, 25.v.1948, leg. R.M. Naef (Luzern).

Hedychridium biskranum: Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars); Strumia et al., 2016b:52 (Fars); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:3 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Algeria (Linsenmaier, 1999), Türkiye (Strumia et al., 2016b).

Remarks. The identification of Hedychridium biskranum is considered doubtful and the recorded specimens may refer to another species of the H. roseum species-group based on biogeographical data. At the moment, Hedychridium biskranum is known with certainty only on the holotype, collected in Biskra (Algeria) (Rosa et al., 2022). The identification was based on Linsenmaier’s (1999) key for the Chrysididae of Northern Africa, without type examination. However, the species concept is unclear because H. biskranum belongs to the most complicated species-group in the genus Hedychridium, and its description is challenging as it is based on variable diagnostic characters. Strumia et al. (2016b) reported the discovery of an additional two specimens of H. biskranum collected in Türkiye. However, no further details such as descriptions, illustrations, or images were provided to substantiate their identification. We suppose that the specimens examined may belong to one of the other species recently described by Arens (2010) for Anatolia, and therefore not keyed in Linsenmaier (1999), or to a Central Asian species described by Semenov-Tian-Shanskij (Rosa et al., 2017a). Strumia did not consider Semenov’s publications (Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015) and Arens’ work (2010).

Hedychridium bytinskii Linsenmaier, 1959 (Fig. 1A–F)

Hedychridium bytinskii Linsenmaier, 1959a:53. Holotype ♀; Palestine: Bet Lid (NMLU).

Material examined. 1♀, IRAN (Zanğān) 1660m., SW of Sorkhed Dizaj, 36°47'42"N, 48°52'15"E, 2.vi.2011, leg. D. Baiocchi (PRC).

Distribution. *Iran (Zanjan). Greece, Palestine, Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1968).

Hedychridium coriaceum (Dahlbom, 1854)

Hedychrum coriaceum Dahlbom, 1854:88. Lectotype ♀ designated by Morgan, 1984:10; Poland: Glogovia (Lund).

Hedychridium coriaceum: Strumia et al., 2016b:52 (Khuzestan, Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Khuzestan, Fars). West Palaearctic, known from Europe and Türkiye, with a subspecies in Northern Africa (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Hedychridium davydovi (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967)

Zarudnidium davydovi Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:111. Holotype ♂; Palestine: Wadi-Kumera (St. Petersburg).

Hedychridium moricei davydovi: Rosa et al., 2013:6 (East-Azarbaijan).

Hedychridium moricei chrysurum Linsenmaier, 1969:373; Strumia et al., 2016b:55 (Fars); Farzaneh et al., 2017:895 (Fars).

Holopyga chrysonota appliata Linsenmaier, 1959a:186; Iranmanesh et al., 2017:298 (Kerman), 301 (fig. 3G).

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan, Fars, Kerman). Palestine (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967).

Figure 1. Hedychridium bytinskii Linsenmaier, 1959, female. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Metanotum, scutellum, propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view; E. Metasoma, postero-lateral view; F. Metasoma, ventral view.

Hedychridium dzhanelidzei Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967

Hedychridium (Hedychridium) dzhanelidzei Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:128. Holotype ♀; Georgia: Tbilisi (St. Petersburg).

Hedychridium dzhanelidzei: Rosa et al., 2013:5 (East-Azarbaijan).

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan). Georgia (Rosa et al., 2017a).

Hedychridium erschovi (Radoszkowski, 1877)

Hedychrum erschovi Radoszkowski, 1877:6. Syntypes ♀♀ [not ♂♂]; Uzbekistan: Zarafshan valley & Fergana (Moscow).

Euchrum turanum Semenov-Tian-Shanskij [in Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol’skaya], 1954:103. Holotype ♂; Kazakhstan: Djulek Syr-Darja Geb.[iet], 12.VI.1912, leg. L. Wollmann (St. Petersburg) [Iran is given in the type series, without precise locality].

Hedychridium chloropygum var. caputaureum Trautmann & Trautmann, 1919:32; Rosa et al., 2013:5.

Distribution. Iran (without locality). Central Asia: Kyrgyzstan, Tadjikistan, Turkmenia, Uzbekistan (Rosa et al., 2017a).

Remarks. Kimsey & Bohart (1991) synonymised Hedychridium erschovi (Radoszkowski, 1877) and Hedychridium turanum (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954) with Hedychridium roseum (Rossi, 1790). The first was revalidated by Rosa et al. (2015a) and the second was considered conspecific with H. erschovi by Rosa et al. (2017a). In the previous checklist of Iran, H. turanum was considered a synonym of H. caputaureum following the interpretation of Linsenmaier (1968).

Hedychridium femoratum (Dahlbom, 1854)

Hedychrum femoratum Dahlbom, 1854:90. Holotype ♀; Austria (Vienna) (ardens group).

Hedychridium femoratum: Farhad et al., 2016b:4 (Hormozgan), 5 (fig. 4); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:3 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Hormozgan). Central and Southern Europe (Linsenmaier, 1959a, 1987), Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Hedychridium feritatum Linsenmaier, 1959

Hedychridium aheneum feritatum Linsenmaier, 1959b:235. Holotype ♂; Palestine (Luzern).

Hedychridium aheneum (Dahlbom, 1854): Torabipour et al., 2013a:5 (East-Azarbaijan); Ebrahimi, 2015:56 (East-Azarbaijan); Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars). Strumia et al., 2016b:52 (Fars).

Hedychridium feritatum: Rosa, 2020:462 (Mazandaran), 473 (figs 1, 3, 5).

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan, Fars, Mazandaran). Palestine (Linsenmaier, 1959b).

Hedychridium flos (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954)

Cyrteuchrum flos Semenov-Tian-Shanskij [in Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol’skaya], 1954:105. Holotype ♀; Kazakhstan: Imam-baba, 25.V.1912, leg. W. Koshantschikoff (St. Petersburg).

Cyrteuchrum redikortzevi Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:135. Holotype ♀; Iran: Gorgan [former Astrabad], 9–12.viii. 1912 (ZIN).

Distribution. Iran (Golestan). Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (Rosa et al., 2017a).

Remarks. The specimen listed by Rosa et al. (2013) in “material examined” was misidentified and belongs to the species herein described as Hedychridium personatum Rosa, sp. nov. (see below).

Hedychridium hofferi Balthasar, 1953

Hedychridium hofferi Balthasar, 1953:139. Holotype ♀; Jordan: Wadi el Kelt (Prague).

Hedychridium hofferi: Linsenmaier, 1959a:61 (Palestine).

Hedychridium hofferi: Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:3 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Palestine (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Hedychridium jucundum (Mocsáry, 1889)

Holopyga (Hedychridium) iucunda Mocsáry, 1889:150. Syntypes ♂, ♀; Hungary; Austria (Budapest) (ardens group).

Holopyga (Hedychridium) jucundum: Dalla Torre, 1892:27. Incorrect subsequent spelling in current use.

Hedychridium jucundum: Móczár, 1964:446. Lectotype designation: ♀; Hungary [not France]: Isaszeg (Budapest).

Hedychridium jucundum: Strumia et al., 2016b:53 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Euroasiatic, from Southern and Central Europe (Linsenmaier, 1959a) to Russia and Türkiye (Rosa et al., 2013).

Hedychridium meda (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954)

Psacas meda Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954:145. Holotypus ♂; Iran: Luristan [currently Khuzestan], near Akhvaz, upstream of Karun River (St. Petersburg).

Hedychridium meda: Rosa et al., 2013:5 (Khuzestan).

Distribution. Iran (Khuzestan).

Hedychridium miramae Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967

Hedychridium miramae Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:128. Holotype ♀; Iran: Nerduali, Meshkhed (St. Petersburg).

Hedychridium miramae: Rosa et al., 2013:6 (Khorasan-e Razavi); Farhad et al., 2016b:5 (Hormozgan).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan, Khorasan-e Razavi).

Hedychridium mochii Strumia, 1994 (Fig. 2A–F)

Hedychridium mochii Strumia, 1994:155. Holotype ♀; Myanmar: Rangoon, 24.ii.1972, leg. A. Mochi (Turin).

Material examined. 1♀, Kermanshah Province: Bar Aftar, 3.iv.2011, leg. A. Ameri (TMUC).

Distribution. *Iran (Kermanshah). Myanmar (Strumia, 1994).

Remarks. Hedychridium mochii was known only from the holotype collected in Myanmar. The type was examined in Turin and matches the Iranian specimen for its outstanding diagnostic characters, such as the arched median vein of the anterior wing (straight in Hedychridium monochroum du Buysson, 1888), the length of the second tarsus of the posterior leg, much shorter than the third (as long as the third in H. monochroum); the mesosomal punctation with large and deep punctures when compared to the similar Hedychridium monochroum. The species is very likely distributed in all countries between Iran and Myanmar, as in the case of H. monochroum, but has never been recorded before for its small dimensions and probably for its unknown ecology and biology.

Hedychridium modestum du Buysson, 1900

Hedychridium modestum du Buysson, 1900:129. Lectotype ♂ designated by Kimsey in Kimsey & Bohart, 1991:199; Egypt: Elephantine (Paris).

Hedychridium modestum: Strumia et al., 2016b:53 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Egypt, Palestine (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Hedychridium monochroum du Buysson, 1888

Hedychridium monochroum du Buysson, 1888:3. Holotype ♀; France: Marseille (Paris?) (monochroum group).

Hedychridium monochroum: Strumia et al., 2016b:53 (Fars); Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars); Farzaneh et al., 2017:495 (Fars).

Hedychridium monochroum farsensis Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2016:53 (Fars). Holotype ♀; Iran: Fars Province, Kheramh, 29°30'42''N, 53°18'55''E, 25.vi.2013, leg. E. Izadi (Pisa), syn. nov. Iranmanesh et al., 2017:297 (Kerman); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:3 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Kerman). Trans-Palaearctic from Europe to Armenia, Southern Caucasus, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and the Oriental Region (Rosa et al., 2017a).

Remarks. Hedychridium monochroum is well known for being a chromatically variable species (Martynova, 2017), which is widespread and distributed from Western Europe to the Oriental region (Kimsey & Bohart, 1991). The finding of a sympatric subspecies, H. monochroum farsensis, in the same localities of H. monochroum monochroum arises some doubts on the real status of this taxon, considering that the very short description of farsensis is based solely on colouration. Waiting for molecular analysis and a morphological re-evaluation of H. m. farsensis, we consider it as one of the colour variations and therefore a synonym of H. monochroum.

Figure 2. Hedychridium mochii Strumia, 1994, female. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Mesosoma, lateral view; E. Metasoma, posterior view; F. Metasoma, dorsal view.

Hedychridium moricei du Buysson, 1904

Hedychridium moricei du Buysson, 1904:256. Holotype ♂; Greece: Zakinthos (Oxford).

Hedychridium moricei: Strumia et al., 2016b:55 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars) (Strumia et al., 2016b). Southern Europe, Azerbaijan, Caucasus, Türkiye and the Middle East (Rosa et al., 2013).

Hedychridium mysticum Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1912

Hedychridium mysticum Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1912:177. Holotype ♂; Iran: Bampur (St. Petersburg).

Hedychridium mysticum: Rosa et al., 2013:6 (Sistan & Baluchestan).

Distribution. Iran (Sistan & Baluchestan). India (Rosa & Halada, 2021).

Hedychridium palestinense Balthasar, 1953

Hedychridium sculpturatum var. palestinense Balthasar, 1953:145. Syntypes ♂, ♀; Palestine: Jerusalem (Prague).

Hedychridium maculiventre Linsenmaier, 1959a:63. Unnecessary replacement name for H. palestinense Balthasar, 1953.

Hedychridium palestinense: Rosa et al., 2013:6 (Qazvin, Markazi); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:4 (Fars).

Hedychridium maculisternum: Arens, 2011:316 (replacement name for Hedychridium maculiventre Linsenmaier, 1959): Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:17 (Fars); Strumia et al., 2016b:53 (Fars); Iranmanesh et al., 2017:297 (Kerman).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Kerman, Markazi, Qazvin). Armenia, Palestine (Balthasar, 1953); Central Asia: Kyrgyzstan (Linsenmaier, 1997).

Remarks. The name Hedychridium palestinense Balthasar, 1953 is the valid name for this taxon (Arens, 2010). The replacement name Hedychridium maculisternum Arens, 2011 was given to replace the name of Hedychridium maculiventre Linsenmaier, 1959 proposed for a Balkan species, which is not present in Iran.

Hedychridium personatum Rosa, sp. nov. (Figs 3A–F, 4A–D)

https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9661EA3C-E56F-4233-A272-81ED779BE9EC

Material examined. Holotype ♀; IRAN, Hormozgan province: Bandar Abbas, Zakin, 27°28'53"N, 56°18'27"E, 680 m, 23.V.2011, leg. A. Ameri (TMUC).

Diagnosis. Hedychridium personatum sp. nov. belongs to a new species-group characterised by the combination of the following characters, such as (in order of importance): metapectal-propodeal complex with a unique structure of the metapostnotum, the median area delimited by metanotum and the metapostnotal-propodeal suture, strongly raised and angulate, mask-shaped (Fig. 3F); third tergum with swollen apical margin (Fig. 4C), as in the genus Hedychrum Latreille; apex of clypeus medially with wide, brown, triangular truncation, laterally with two yellowish-hyaline substraight expansions (Figs 3B, C); elongate pedicel (l/w = 3.1) and first flagellomere (l/w = 4.7) (Fig. 3B). The following diagnostic characters are shared with one or more species-groups, but in different combinations: head transversal (Fig. 3B) (l/w = 1.8, measured from anterior ocellus to anterior clypeal margin/the widest eye distance); scapal basin narrow, transversely deeply striate (Fig. 3B); metaleg with second tarsomere elongate, as long as third tarsomere; antennae light brown with scape weakly metallic (Fig. 3B); legs with femur and tarsi yellowish; costal vein, stigma, medial vein + cubitus medio-distally dark brown, other veins light brownish (Figs 3A, F).

Description. ¾ Holotype ♀ (Figs 3A–F, 4A–D). Body length 4.1 mm, wing length 3.1 mm (Fig. 3A).

Head. Head transversal (Fig. 3B) (l/w = 1.8, measured from anterior ocellus to anterior clypeal margin/the widest eye distance); vertex, ocellar area, brow between anterior ocellus and scapal basin with shallow and small punctures (0.1–0.3× MOD), denser towards compound eye and between scapal basin and eye, with dense punctures until malar space; area between brow apically and on upper margin of scapal basin dotted, without large punctures; scapal basin with median area transversely deeply striate (2.4× MOD), laterally micropunctate (Fig. 3B), each puncture bringing short white seta; punctation from posterior ocelli to temples scattered, with wide impunctate area postero-laterad posterior ocelli; fovea adjacent to posterior ocellus deep and elongate, as long as ocellus (Fig. 3C); posterior ocelli connected by thin line; subantennal space short, 0.7× MOD; apex of clypeus medially with wide, brown, triangular truncation, laterally with two yellowish-hyaline substraight expansions; clypeus largely polished or with scattered dots. Distance between anterior ocellus and upper margin of scapal basin = 2.0× MOD. OOL 1.4× MOD; POL 1.5× MOD; MS 1.0× MOD; relative length of P:F1:F2:F3 = 1.0:1.2:0.7:0.7.

Figure 3. Hedychridium personatum Rosa, sp. nov., female, holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, dorsal view; D. Mesosoma, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Mesosoma, postero-lateral view.

Mesosoma. Medial pronotal furrow shallow, as median, wide antero-depression; pronotum with small punctures (0.2–0.3× MOD), from contiguous to largely separated by 1 puncture diameter, with transversally weakly wrinkled interspaces medially; punctation on mesonotum similar, with small to medium punctures up to 0.5× MOD distinctly separated; weakly wrinkled interspaces on mesoscutum

Figure 4. Hedychridium personatum Rosa, sp. nov., female, holotype. A. Mesoleg, lateral view; B. Metasoma, postero-lateral view; C. Metasoma, posterior view; D. Metasoma, ventral view.

and weakly rugose on scutellum; notauli formed by deep, metallic, sub-rectangular foveae, as large as largest punctures on mesoscutum; parapsidal signum deep and distinct; mesoscutellum antero-medially largely polished; scutellar-metanotal suture deep, elongate and almost overposed and continuing the mesoscutal-scutellar suture; posterior propodeal projections straight angled, blunt; mesopleuron without sulci, with large punctures contiguous along margins. Radial 1 vein short and as long as Radial 2 vein; Radial 2 continues towards wing margin as thin vein; medial vein gently arched.

Metasoma. Frontal declivity straight, without depressions; first tergum with even, dense, contiguous, and small punctures; second tergum with small and dense punctures on basal half, becoming smaller and scattered on second half, whereas along margins punctures are larger and denser (Fig. 4B); third tergum with very small, aligned punctures on basal half, becoming larger and denser towards apical margin; apical margin swollen before extended, dark hyaline marginal rim (Fig. 4C); second sternum fully green metallic on second half, with small, dense puncture.

Colouration. Body entirely green metallic; antennae light brown with scape weakly metallic (Fig. 3B); tegula brown, non-metallic; legs with femur and tarsi yellowish; costal vein, stigma, medial vein + cubitus medio-distally dark brown, other veins light brownish (Fig. 3A–F).

Vestiture. Head and mesosoma with short, dense greyish to whitish setae as long as 1× MOD; metasoma laterally with longer, erect setae (1.5× MOD).

Male. Unknown.

Etymology. The specific epithet personatum derives from the Latin adjective personatus (masked) and refers to the mask-shaped metapostnotum, strongly raised and angulate, which is the modified structure of metapectal-propodeal complex characterizing this self-standing species-group.

Distribution. *Iran (Hormozgan).

Remarks. The newly described Hedychridium personatum species-group can be immediately separated from other groups by the shape of the metapectal-propodeal complex, which is a key character. Only another species-group within Hedychridium, namely the plagiatum group, has a highly modified metapectal-propodeal complex not conform to the type species of the genus Hedychridium. It was already observed that the plagiatum group is the most basal of all the Elampini genera, based on multigene molecular analyses (Pauli et al., 2019) and we expect that also the personatum group can be considered as a monophyletic group. The classification of the genus Hedychridium requires major revision, including the revalidation of Semenov-Tian-Shanskij’s (1954) genera, currently placed in the synonymy of Hedychridium by Linsenmaier (1968) and Kimsey & Bohart (1991). The structure of the metapectal-propodeal complex was always neglected in the study of Chrysididae, but it is a key character, as in the sister family of Bethylidae (Kawada et al., 2015; Lanes et al., 2020), based on morphological examination of all the Old World species-groups.

Hedychridium plagiatum (Mocsáry, 1883) (Fig. 5A–D)

Hedychrum plagiatum Mocsáry, 1883:14. Holotype ♂; Türkiye: Brussa [= Bursa] (Budapest).

Material examined. 1♀, Fars, E of Khomer Kuh-e Barm Firuz, 2730 m, 30°26'31''N, 51°54'13''E, 15.v.2013, leg. D. Baiocchi (PRC).

Distribution. *Iran (Fars). South-eastern Europe to Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Hedychridium smaragdinum (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954)

Homaleuchrum smaragdinum Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954:143. Holotype ♂; Iran: Bampur, 27.IV.1901, N. Zarudnij (St. Petersburg).

Hedychridium smaragdinum: Rosa et al., 2013:6 (Sistan & Baluchestan).

Distribution. Iran (Sistan & Baluchestan).

Hedychridium subaheneum Linsenmaier, 1959

Hedychridium (Hedychridium) incrassatum ssp. subaheneum Linsenmaier, 1959a:55. Holotype ♀; Morocco: Tafraout (Lausanne).

Hedychridium (Hedychridium) subaheneum: Linsenmaier, 1999:76 (incrassatum group).

Hedychridium subaheneum: Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars); Strumia et al., 2016b:56 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Morocco and Palestine (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Remarks. Iranian records need confirmation.

Hedychridium verhoeffi Linsenmaier, 1959

Hedychridium (Hedychridium) verhoeffi Linsenmaier, 1959a:50. Holotype ♂; Greece: Corfu lsI. (Luzern).

Hedychridium verhoeffi: Farhad et al., 2016b:2 (Hormozgan), 4 (fig. 3).

Material examined. 1♂, Tehran, 10 km N of Ziaran, 36°07'00"N, 50°39'25"E, 2100m, 4.vi.2012, leg. D. Baiocchi (PRC).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan, Tehran). Greece, Rhodes Is., Palestine, Türkiye; Egypt (Linsenmaier, 1968, 1987).

Figure 5. Hedychridium plagiatum (Mocsáry, 1883), female. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Metasoma, dorsal view.

Hedychridium virescens (du Buysson, 1908)

Hedychridium aheneum var. virescens du Buysson, 1908a:23. Lectotype ♂ designated by Strumia, 2004:482. Egypt: El Marg (Ezbet El Nahl) (Paris).

Hedychridium (Hedychridium) virescens: Linsenmaier, 1968:34.

Hedychridium virescens: Farhad et al., 2016b:2 (diag., Hormozgan), 3 (fig. 2).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Hormozgan). Palestine, Saudi Arabia; Northern Africa: Egypt, Tunisia, with a subspecies in Algeria (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Genus Hedychrum Latreille, 1802

Hedychrum Latreille, 1802:317. Type species: Chrysis lucidula Fabricius, 1775 (= Sphex nobilis Scopoli, 1763 [= Hedychrum nobile (Scopoli, 1763)]), by monotypy.

Hedychrum aureicolle Mocsáry, 1889

Hedychrum aureicolle Mocsáry, 1889:168. Lectotype ♀ designated by Móczár, 1964:440; Greece: Rhodes (Budapest).

Hedychrum aureicolle: Torabipour et al., 2013a:7; Ebrahimi, 2015:60 (Ardabil).

Hedychrum aureicolle: Rosa et al., 2013:6 (Gilan).

Distribution. Iran (Ardabil, Gilan). Caucasus, Cyprus, Greece, Palestine, Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1959a, 1968).

Hedychrum azrael Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967

Hedychrum azrael Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:141. Holotype ♀; Iran: Khuzestan (St. Petersburg).

Hedychrum azrael: Rosa et al., 2013:7 (Khuzestan).

Material examined. 1♂, Kurdistan province: Paniran, 35°01'19.2"N, 46°59'06"E, 1430m, 15.v.2016, leg. M. Kafka (MHC).

Distribution. Iran (Khuzestan, Kurdistan).

Hedychrum caucasicum Mocsáry, 1889

Hedychrum virens var. caucasicum Mocsáry, 1889:171. Holotype ♂; Azerbaijan: Helenendorf [= Goygol] (Vienna).

Hedychrum virens caucasicum: Rosa et al., 2013:8 (East-Azarbaijan).

Hedychrum caucasicum: Rosa, 2018a:9.

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan). Caucasus (Rosa, 2018a).

Hedychrum concinnum (Mocsáry, 1909)

Wollmannia concinna Mocsáry, 1909:2. Holotype ♂; Kazakhstan: Baigakum, Djulek (Budapest).

Material examined. 2♂♂, Golestan province: 70 km E Minudasht, 37°15'36"N, 55°59'24"E, 1050m, 12.vi.2010, leg. Mi. Halada (MHC).

Distribution. *Iran (Golestan). Central Asia: Kazakhstan (Mocsáry, 1909).

Hedychrum frivaldszkyi Mocsáry, 1889

Hedychrum frivaldszkyi Mocsáry, 1889:164. Holotype ♂; Turkmenistan: Kranowodsk [= Türkmenbaşy] (Budapest).

Hedychrum frivaldskyi: Kimsey & Bohart, 1991:214. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Hedychrum frivaldszkyi: Rosa et al., 2013:7 (Golestan).

Distribution. Iran (Golestan). Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan (Rosa, 2019).

Hedychrum gerstaeckeri Chevrier, 1869

Hedychrum gerstaeckeri Chevrier, 1869:47. Syntypes ♂♂, ♀♀ [not holotype]; Switzerland (Geneva).

Hedychrum gerstaeckeri: Rosa et al., 2013:7 (Golestan, Gilan, Qazvin, Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Golestan, Gilan, Qazvin, Mazandaran). Euroasiatic and Oriental, from Western Europe to Far East Russia, Japan, China and Taiwan (Rosa et al., 2013).

Hedychrum hyrcanum Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967

Hedychrum hyrcanum Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:137. Holotype ♀; Iran: Astrabad [currently Gorgan], leg. A. Kiritshenko (St. Petersburg).

Hedychrum hyrcanum: Rosa et al., 2013:7 (Golestan).

Distribution. Iran (Golestan).

Hedychrum longicolle Abeille de Perrin, 1877

Hedychrum longicolle Abeille de Perrin, 1877:65. Lectotype ♀ designated by Kimsey, 1986; France: Marseille (Paris).

Hedychrum longicolle: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:17 (Fars); Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars); Strumia et al., 2016b:56 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Palaearctic, from Southern Europe and Northern Africa to Western Asia, Siberia and China (Rosa et al., 2013).

Hedychrum luculentum Förster, 1853

Hedychrum luculentum Förster, 1853:343. Syntypes ♂♂; Italy; Crete (Budapest).

Hedychrum luculentum: Rosa et al., 2013:7 (Persia).

Distribution. Iran (Linsenmaier, 1959a). East Mediterranean, Crete, Türkiye; Middle East (Rosa et al., 2013).

Hedychrum mavromoustakisi Trautmann, 1929 (Figs 16B, 16E)

Hedychrum mavromoustakisi Trautmann, 1929:57. Holotype ♂; Cyprus: Limassol (Berlin).

Hedychrum mavromoustakisi: Rosa et al., 2013:8 (Fars, Mazandaran); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:4 (Fars); Rosa, 2020:463 (Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Mazandaran). South-eastern Europe, Cyprus, Palestine, Türkiye (Rosa et al., 2013).

Hedychrum menzbieri Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967

Hedychrum menzbieri Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:143. Holotype ♀; Iran: Luristan, 28.vi.1904, N. Zarudny (St. Petersburg).

Hedychrum menzbieri: Rosa et al., 2013:8 (Lorestan).

Distribution. Iran (Lorestan).

Hedychrum niemelai Linsenmaier, 1959

Hedychrum aureicolle ssp. niemeläi Linsenmaier, 1959a:38. Holotype ♀; Switzerland: Wallis (Luzern).

Hedychrum niemelai: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:17 (Golestan, Khorasan-e Razavi).

Distribution. Iran (Golestan, Khorasan-e Razavi). Euroasiatic, from Europe to China (Rosa et al., 2013).

Hedychrum nobile (Scopoli, 1763)

Sphex nobile Scopoli, 1763:297. Holotype ♀; Italy [not Austria] (lost).

Hedychrum nobile: Rosa et al., 2013:8 (Persia).

Distribution. Iran (Radoszkowski, 1889). Palaearctic from Europe to Siberia; Northern Africa (Rosa et al., 2013).

Hedychrum persicum Mocsáry, 1914 stat. nov. (Figs 6A–F, 7A)

Hedychrum rutilans var. persicum Mocsáry, 1914:11. Holotype ♂; "Persia meridionali-occidentalis" [SW Iran] (London).

Hedychrum rutilans: Rosa et al., 2013:8 (South-eastern Persia).

Material examined. 1♂, Golestan province: 20km E of Minudasht, 37°13'12"N, 55°34'12"E, 750m, 1.vi.2014, leg. J. Halada (MHC); 3♂♂, 1♀, Mazandaran province: 10 km S Chaloos, 36°30'00"N, 51°19'48"E, 380m, 15.vi.2010, leg. Mi. Halada (MHC).

Distribution. Iran (Mocsáry, 1914, Golestan, Mazandaran).

Remarks. Hedychrum persicum was traditionally considered as a variety of Hedychrum rutilans (Linsenmaier, 1959a). However, the recent examination of the type has allowed us to better understand the real taxonomic position of this species. Hedychrum persicum is clearly separate from H. rutilans and H. viridiauratum by the combination of the following diagnostic characters; body sculpture deep, larger and spaced; head profile rounded (Fig. 6B) instead of triangular; body colour distinctly green, without red or golden areas (Fig. 6A). This species can be immediately separated by all the other taxa related to H. rutilans by its unique punctation, which is deeper, larger and more spaced (Figs 6D, F, 7A) compared to H. rutilans from Europe and the other two closer taxa known from Middle East, H. rutilans viridiauratum Mocsáry, 1889 (Fig. 7B) and H. rutilans veterrimum Mocsáry, 1914 (Fig. 7C), with fine and dense punctation, well visible on metasomal terga. A recent molecular study (Rosa et al., 2023b) revealed that the genetic distance between the two Western European subspecies of H. rutilans, namely rutilans s. str. and viridaureum Tournier, 1877, was sufficient to consider them as separate species (> 5%), probably related to different host selection in their southern distributional range. We expect that further molecular analyses on all the varieties and subspecies of H. rutilans will provide similar results.

Figure 6. Hedychrum persicum Mocsáry, 1914, holotype, female. A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Metasoma, dorsal view; E. Metasoma, posterior view;
F. Metasoma, ventral view.

Figure 7. Metasoma, dorsal view. A. Hedychrum persicum Mocsáry, 1914, holotype, female; B. Hedychrum rutilans var. viridiauratum Mocsáry, 1889, syntype, male; C. Hedychrum rutilans var. veterrimum Mocsáry, 1914, lectotype, male.

Hedychrum semicyaneum Mocsáry, 1889

Hedychrum semicyaneum Mocsáry, 1889:168. Holotype ♀; Uzbekistan: Tashkent (Budapest).

Material examined. 2♂♂, 3♀♀, Kerman province: Bardsir, 29°57'00"N, 56°34'48"E, 2050m, 6.vi.2010, leg. Mi. Halada (MHC).

Distribution. *Iran (Kerman). Central Asia: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol’skaya, 1954).

Genus Holopyga Dahlbom, 1845

Holopyga Dahlbom, 1845:4. Type species: Holopyga amoenula Dahlbom, 1845, by subsequent designation of Ashmead, 1902.

Holopyga amoenula oriensa Linsenmaier, 1959

Holopyga amoenula oriensa Linsenmaier, 1959a:31. Holotype ♂; Türkiye: Konya prov.: Akşehir (Luzern).

Holopyga amoenula oriensa: Rosa et al., 2013:9 (Qazvin, Alborz); Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:17 (Fars): Farhad et al., 2017:878 (Mazandaran); Rosa, 2020:463 (Kordestan).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Fars, Kordestan, Mazandaran, Qazvin). West-Palaearctic from south-eastern Europe to the Middle East (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga arabica Linsenmaier, 1994

Holopyga arabica Linsenmaier, 1994:155. Holotype ♀; Saudi Arabia: Riyad, 15.x.1958, leg. Diehl (Luzern).

Holopyga arabica: Farhad et al., 2016b:5–6 (Hormozgan), 6 (fig. 5); Farhad et al., 2017:878 (Hormozgan).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan). Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen (Rosa et al., 2020a).

Holopyga assecula Linsenmaier, 1999

Holopyga assecula Linsenmaier, 1999:39. Holotype ♀; Egypt: Cairo: El Giza, v.1988, leg. Sidler (Luzern).

Holopyga assecula: Strumia et al., 2016b:56 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Egypt (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Holopyga beaumonti Balthasar, 1953

Holopyga beaumonti Balthasar, 1953:131. Syntypes ♂♀; Palestine: Jordan Valley (Prague).

Holopyga beaumonti: Farhad et al., 2017:878 (Hormozgan), 879 (fig. 1).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan). Türkiye, Jordan, Palestine; Egypt, Eritrea; Saudi Arabia, U.A.E., Yemen (Strumia, 2014).

Holopyga bifigurata Linsenmaier, 1968

Holopyga bifigurata Linsenmaier, 1968:18. Holotype ♀; Palestine: Tel Aviv (Luzern) (examined).

Holopyga bifigurata: Rosa et al., 2013:9 (East-Azarbaijan); Farhad et al., 2017:879.

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan). Palestine, Türkiye (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga caucasica Mocsáry, 1889

Holopyga (Holopyga) gloriosa var. caucasica Mocsáry, 1889:131. Neotype designated by Rosa et al., 2020b:117: ♀; Azerbaijan: Ganja (Vienna).

Holopyga (Holopyga) gloriosa var. caucasica = Holopyga amoenula Dahlbom, 1845: Kimsey & Bohart, 1991:229.

Holopyga inflammata caucasica: Rosa et al., 2013:10 (Qazvin); Farhad et al., 2017:88.

Holopyga caucasica: Rosa et al., 2020b:117. Upgraded to species rank.

Distribution. Iran (Qazvin). Caucasus, Cyprus, Palestine, and Türkiye (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga chrysonota (Förster, 1853)

Ellampus chrysonotus Förster, 1853:347. Holotype ♀; Hungary (Berlin).

Holopyga ovata var. h Dahlbom, 1854:53. Syntypes ♂♂, ♀♀ [not holotype]; Austria; Greece: Rhodes Is. (Vienna, Berlin).

Holopyga ignicollis Eversmann, 1858:549. Lectotype ♀ designated by Rosa et al., 2020b:100. Russia: “campis Orenburgensibus et in promontor Uralensib.” (Krakow).

Holopyga ignicollis Dahlbom, 1854 sensu auctorum (see Rosa et al., 2020b); Farzaneh et al., 2017:496 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2017:881 (Alborz, Hormozgan, Kerman, Mazandaran), 882 (fig. 3); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:4 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Hormozgan, Kerman, Mazandaran). West-Palaearctic, from Western Europe to Central Asia; Northern Africa (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Remarks. Holopyga similis was synonymised by Bischoff (1913) with H. chrysonota (Förster, 1853). Rosa et al. (2020b) pointed out that H. chrysonota is a different species and H. similis is the first available name for H. chrysonota sensu Linsenmaier (1959a, 1968, 1987, 1997, 1999). Dahlbom’s (1854) name H. ignicollis [actually given as var. h] is invalid. Eversmann (1858:549) was the first author to treat “var. ignicollis Klug” (the name given by Dahlbom (1854) to one of the specimens examined in Berlin) as a valid subspecific name, thus making the name available as a species-group name (ICZN, 1999: Article 45.6). As a consequence, Eversmann (1858) is the author of the species (Rosa et al., 2020b).

Holopyga cypruscula detrita Linsenmaier, 1959

Holopyga cypruscula ssp. detrita Linsenmaier, 1959a:34. Holotype ♂; Iran: Kamal Abad (paratype from Qazvin) (Luzern).

Holopyga cypruscula detrita: Torabipour et al., 2013a:8 ([East-] Azarbaijan); Ebrahimi, 2015:61 ([East-] Azarbaijan); Rosa et al., 2013:10 (Alborz, East-Azarbaijan, Qazvin, Mazandaran); Farzaneh et al., 2017:496 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2017:879 (Alborz, Hormozgan); Iranmanesh et al., 2017:298 (Kerman); Rosa, 2020:463 (Mazandaran).

Holopyga cypruscula: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:18 (Kordestan).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, East-Azarbaijan, Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Kordestan, Qazvin, Mazandaran). Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1968).

Remarks. Strumia & Fallahzadeh (2015) listed Holopyga cypruscula without subspecific rank. In the distributional range of this species, they listed “Türkiye, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine and Iran (Linsenmaier, 1959a)”. Actually, only Cyprus is given by Linsenmaier (1959a) as a locality of H. cypruscula. For other localities, Linsenmaier (1959a, 1987) described other two subspecies, not mentioned by Strumia & Fallahzadeh (2015). We temporarily place this record under H. cypruscula detrita waiting for another examination of the studied material.

Holopyga cypruscula turca Linsenmaier, 1987

Holopyga cypruscula ssp. turca Linsenmaier, 1987:136. Holotype ♀; Türkiye: Şanlıurfa prov.: Urfa [=Şanlıurfa] (Luzern).

Holopyga cypruscula turca: Rosa et al., 2013:10 (Tehran); Strumia et al., 2016b:56 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2017:880.

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Tehran). Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1987).

Holopyga fascialis Linsenmaier, 1959

Holopyga fascialis Linsenmaier, 1959a:28. Holotype ♂; Palestine: Beersheba (Luzern).

Holopyga fascialis: Strumia et al., 2016b:56 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2017:880 (Hormozgan), 881 (fig. 2).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Palestine, Northern Africa: Morocco and Tunisia (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Holopyga fervida (Fabricius, 1781)

Chrysis fervida Fabricius, 1781:456. Neotype ♀ designated by Kimsey, 1988:272; Spain (Copenhagen).

Holopyga fervida: Rosa et al., 2013:10 (Qazvin); Farhad et al., 2016b:6 (Hormozgan); Farhad et al., 2017:880 (Hormogan); Rosa, 2020:463 (Gilan).

Holopyga fervid: Iranmanesh et al., 2017:298 (Kerman).

Distribution. Iran (Gilan, Hormozgan, Kerman, Qazvin). West-Palaearctic, from Europe to Southern Russia, the Middle East, Türkiye, and Northern Africa (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga generosa asiatica Trautmann, 1926

Holopyga gloriosa var. asiatica Trautmann, 1926:5. Holotype ♀; Türkiye [not Yugoslavia]: Smyrne [currently İzmir] (Berlin).

Holopyga ovata ssp. proviridis Linsenmaier, 1959a:31. Holotype ♂; Syria: Homs (Luzern).

Holopyga ovata var. asiatica Trautmann, 1926:5 = Holopyga amoenula Dahlbom, 1845; Kimsey & Bohart, 1991:229.

Holopyga fastuosa proviridis: Linsenmaier, 1999:36. Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:18 (Alborz, Fars); Farhad et al., 2017:880 (Alborz); Iranmanesh et al., 2017:299 (Kerman).

Holopyga proviridis: Rosa et al., 2013:11 (Iran).

Holopyga ovata proviridis Linsenmaier, 1959a:36 = Holopyga generosa asiatica Trautmann, 1926; Rosa et al., 2017e:9.

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Fars, Kerman). Euroasiatic from Southern Europe to Caucasus and China (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga generosa generosa (Förster, 1853)

Ellampus generosus Förster, 1853:349. Holotype ♂; Germany: Aachen (Berlin).

Holopyga generosa: Torabipour et al., 2013a:8 (East-Azarbaijan); Ebrahimi, 2015:62 (East-Azarbaijan).

Holopyga fastuosa generosa: Farhad et al., 2017:880.

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan). Euroasiatic, from Western Europe to China and Korea (Rosa et al., 2014).

Remarks. The name fastuosa generosa was given by Linsenmaier (1987) but all the modern authors used only “generosa” or “generosa generosa” for this taxon, considering “fastuosa” from North Africa a different species.

Holopyga inaurata Mocsáry, 1914

Holopyga mlokosiewitzi var. inaurata Mocsáry, 1914:3. Holotype ♂; Armenia: Yerevan (Budapest).

Holopyga inaurata: Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:5 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Armenia, Palestine, Türkiye; Northern Africa: Egypt (Linsenmaier, 1968).

Holopyga inflammata (Förster, 1853)

Ellampus inflammatus Förster, 1853:348. Syntypes ♂, ♀; Italy; Hungary (Berlin).

Holopyga inflammata: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:18 (Khorasan-e Razavi); Farhad et al., 2017:883 (diag., Alborz, fig. 4).

Holopyga inflammata inflammata: Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:4 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Fars, Khorasan-e Razavi). West-Palaearctic, from Europe and Northern Africa to Western Asia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga jurinei Chevrier, 1862

Holopyga jurinei Chevrier, 1862:95. Holotype ♂ [not ♀]; Switzerland (Geneva).

Holopyga jurinei: Farhad et al., 2017:884 (diag., Alborz, Qazvin, fig. 5); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:5 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Fars, Qazvin). West-Palaearctic, from Europe and Northern Africa to Caucasus, Russia, Türkiye and Western Asia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga kuthyana Mocsáry, 1911

Holopyga Kuthyana Mocsáry, 1911:446. Holotype ♀; Türkiye: Mersin prov.: Gülek, Taurus (Budapest).

Holopyga kuthyana: Rosa, 2020:463 (Mazandaran), 473 (fig. 6).

Distribution. Iran (Mazandaran). Türkiye (Mocsáry, 1911).

Holopyga minuma Linsenmaier, 1959

Holopyga minuma Linsenmaier, 1959a:31. Holotype ♀; Türkiye: Niğde prov.: Niğde (Luzern).

Holopyga minuma: Rosa et al., 2013:10 (Iran). Farhad et al., 2017:885; Rosa, 2020:463 (Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Mazandaran). South-eastern Europe, Russia, Middle East, Türkiye (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga numidica (Lucas, 1849)

Hedychrum numidicum Lucas, 1849:311. Syntypes ♂♂; Algeria: Tonga Lake (Paris).

Holopyga numidica: Strumia et al., 2016b:56 (Fars); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:5 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Palestine; Northern Africa: Algeria, Morocco, Egypt (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Holopyga punctatissima Dahlbom, 1854

Holopyga punctatissima Dahlbom, 1854:50. Syntypes ♂♂, ♀ [not holotype]; Greece: Rhodes (Berlin).

Holopyga punctatissima: Torabipour et al., 2013a:8 (Fars); Rosa et al., 2013:11 (Kordestan, Qazvin); Ebrahimi, 2015:63 (Fars); Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:18 (Fars); Strumia et al., 2016b:56 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2017:885 (Alborz, Hormozgan).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Fars, Hormozgan, Kordestan, Qazvin). South-eastern Europe, Caucasus, Türkiye; Northern Africa: Egypt (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga similis discolor Linsenmaier, 1959

Holopyga chrysonota ssp. discolor Linsenmaier, 1959a:32. Holotype ♂; Morocco (Lausanne).

Holopyga chrysonota discolor: Rosa et al., 2013:9 (Alborz); Farhad et al., 2017:879.

Distribution. Iran (Alborz). Cyprus, Lebanon, Türkiye, Northern Africa (Rosa et al., 2013).

Holopyga turkestanica Mocsáry, 1909

Holopyga punctatissima var. turkestanica Mocsáry, 1909:1. Lectotype ♂ designated by French in Bohart & French, 1986:341; Kazakhstan [not Turkmenistan]: Mt. Karatau (Budapest).

Holopyga punctatissima var. turkestanica = Holopyga amoenula Dahlbom, 1845; Kimsey & Bohart, 1991:229.

Holopyga crassepuncta Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954:110; Rosa et al., 2013:9 (East-Azarbaijan, Khorasan, Mazandaran). Farhad et al., 2017:879.

Holopyga crassepuncta Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1954 = Holopyga turkestanica Mocsáry, 1909; Rosa et al., 2017e:111.

Holopyga turkestanica: Rosa et al., 2017e:110. Reinstated and upgraded to species level.

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan, Khorasan, Mazandaran). Kazakhstan (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol’skaya, 1954), Türkiye (Kimsey & Bohart, 1991).

Holopyga vicissituda Linsenmaier, 1994

Holopyga vicissituda Linsenmaier, 1994:155. Holotype ♀; Saudi Arabia: Al Jubail (Arabian Gulf), xi.1986, leg. Menrad (Luzern).

Holopyga vicissituda: Farhad et al., 2016b:6–7 (Hormozgan), 7 (fig. 6); Farhad et al., 2017:885 (Hormozgan).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan). Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman (Rosa et al., 2020a).

Holopyga vigora Linsenmaier, 1959

Holopyga vigora Linsenmaier, 1959a:31. Holotype ♂; Türkiye: Akschehir [not Nigde] (Luzern).

Holopyga vigora: Rosa et al., 2013:11 (Persia); Farhad et al., 2017:885.

Distribution. Iran. Bulgaria, Greece (Linsenmaier, 1968); Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Holopyga zarudniana Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967

Holopyga zarudniana Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:145. Holotype ♂; Iran: Mekran, near Kambil (St. Petersburg).

Holopyga zarduniana: Rosa et al., 2013:11 (Sistan & Baluchestan); Farhad et al., 2017:885 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Sistan & Baluchestan).

Genus Omalus Panzer, 1801

Omalus Panzer, 1801:13. Type species: Chrysis aenea Fabricius, 1787 [= Omalus aeneus (Fabricius, 1787)]. Monotypic. Farhad et al., 2018:193.

Omalus aeneus (Fabricius, 1787)

Chrysis aenea Fabricius, 1787:284. Holotype ♀; Germany: Hala Saxonum [= Halle] (Copenhagen).

Omalus aeneus: Strumia et al., 2016b (Fars); Farhad et al., 2016a (Mazandaran); Farzaneh et al., 2016, 2017:496 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2018:195 (key), 196 (Alborz, Golestan, Mazandaran), 194 (figs 1A, 2A), 195 (fig. 3A); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:5 (Fars); Rosa, 2020:463 (Golestan).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Fars, Golestan, Mazandaran). Widespread from the Holarctic Region (Bohart & Kimsey, 1982) to the Oriental Region (Rosa et al., 2014).

Omalus biaccinctus (du Buysson, 1892)

Ellampus biaccinctus du Buysson, 1892:152. Syntypes ♂, ♀; France (Paris).

Omalus biaccinctus: Rosa et al., 2013:11 (East-Azarbaijan); Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:18 (Alborz, Lorestan); Farzaneh et al., 2017:496 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2018:195 (key), 196 (Alborz), 194 (fig. 1B), 195 (fig. 3B).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, East-Azarbaijan, Fars, Lorestan). Europe, Iran, Syria, Türkiye; Central Asia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Omalus imbecillus (Mocsáry, 1889)

Ellampus (Ellampus) imbecillus Mocsáry, 1889:98. Lectotype ♀ designated by French in Bohart & French, 1986:341); Tadjikistan [not Turkmenistan]: Pendgikent [= Panjakent] (Budapest).

Omalus imbecillus: Torabipour et al., 2013a:9 (Khorasan-e Razavi); Rosa et al., 2013:12 (Persia); Ebrahimi, 2015:64 (Khorasan-e Razavi); Farhad et al., 2018:196 (key), 196 (Khorasan, Sistan and Baluchestan).

Distribution. Iran (Khorasan-e Razavi, Sistan and Baluchestan). Türkiye, Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates; Central Asia: Tadjikistan (Rosa et al., 2014).

Omalus margianus (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932)

Ellampus margianus Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932:15. Lectotype ♀ designated by Kimsey, 1986; Turkmenistan: Imam-baba, Mary (Merv) (St. Petersburg).

Omalus margianus: Rosa et al., 2013:12 (Sistan & Baluchestan); Iranmanesh et al., 2017:297 (Kerman); Farhad et al., 2018:194 (fig. 1C), 195 (fig. 3C), 196 (key, Fars, Hormozgan).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Sistan & Baluchestan). Central Asia: Turkmenistan (Kimsey & Bohart, 1991).

Omalus politus du Buysson, 1887

Omalus politus du Buysson, 1887:168. Lectotype ♀ designated by Kimsey in Kimsey & Bohart, 1991:249; Lebanon: Beirut (Paris).

Omalus politus: Rosa et al., 2013:12 (Fars, Lorestan); Farhad et al., 2018:196 (key), 197 (Fars, Lorestan).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Lorestan). South-eastern Europe, Middle East; Central Asia, and Northern Africa (Linsenmaier, 1959a; Rosa et al., 2013).

Genus Philoctetes Abeille de Perrin, 1879

Philoctetes Abeille de Perrin, 1879:27. Type species: Holopyga cicatrix Abeille de Perrin, 1879 [= Philoctetes micans (Klug, 1835)], by subsequent designation of Ashmead, 1902:228. Farhad et al., 2018:197.

Philoctetes bidentulus (Lepeletier, 1806)

Hedychrum bidentulum Lepeletier, 1806:121. Neotype ♂ designated by Rosa & Xu, 2015:81; France: Loire-Atlantique department, Machecoul (Luzern).

Philoctetes bidentulus: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:19 (Lorestan); Farhad et al., 2018:197 (key), 198 (Lorestan).

Distribution. Iran (Lorestan). Palaearctic, from Europe to Western Asia and probably Siberia; Northern Africa (Rosa et al., 2013).

Remarks. The occurrence of Philoctetes bidentulus in Iran needs confirmation. Apparently, the very similar species Philoctetes kuznetzovi is common in the country and the identification of P. bidentulus may be related to this species.

Philoctetes bogdanovii (Radoszkowsky, 1877)

Holopyga bogdanovii Radoszkowsky, 1877:5. Holotype ♂; Uzbekistan: Zarafshan (Moscow).

Philoctetes bogdanovii: Rosa et al., 2013:12 (Lorestan); Farhad et al., 2018:194 (fig. 1D), 195 (fig. 3D), 197 (key), 198 (Alborz, Qazvin).

Material examined. 1♂, Tehran, 10 km N of Ziaran, 36°07'00''N, 50°39'25''E, 4.vi.2012, leg. D. Baiocchi (PRC); 1♀, Golestan, env. Dasht junction 970m, 37°18'47''N, 56°01'07''E, 21.v.2013, leg. D. Baiocchi (PRC).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Golestan, Lorestan, Qazvin, Tehran). Euroasiatic, from Southern Europe to Caucasus, Russia, and Western Asia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Philoctetes deflexus (Abeille de Perrin, 1878)

Holopyga deflexa Abeille de Perrin, 1878:2. Lectotype ♂ [not ♀] designated by Kimsey, 1986:109; Egypt (Paris).

Philoctetes deflexus: Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars); Strumia et al., 2016b:59 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2018:197 (key), 198 (Fars, fig. 4); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:5 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Palestine, Syria; Arabia Saudita, Yemen; Northern Africa: Egypt, Sudan (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Philoctetes horvathi (Mocsáry, 1889)

Ellampus wesmaeli Mocsáry, 1882:27. Syntypes ♂, ♀; Austria (Budapest), nom. praeocc., nec Chevrier, 1862.

Ellampus horváthi Mocsáry, 1889:82. Replacement name for Ellampus wesmaeli Mocsáry, 1882, nom. praeocc., nec Chevrier, 1862.

Philoctetes horvathi: Rosa et al., 2013:12 (Golestan); Farzaneh et al., 2017:497 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2018:197 (key, Golestan).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Golestan). Palaearctic: Central and Eastern Europe; Middle East; Far East to Mongolia, China and Korea; Northern Africa (Morocco) (Farhad et al., 2018).

Philoctetes kuznetzovi (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932)

Ellampus kuznetzovi Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932:25. Lectotype ♂ designated by Kimsey, 1986; Georgia: Kodzhory Prov., Tiblisi (St. Petersburg).

Philoctetes kuznetzovi: Farhad et al., 2018:197 (key), 199 (Fars, Zanjan, Esfahan), 200 (fig. 5); Rosa, 2020:464 (Esfahan).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Zanjan, Esfahan). Caucasus (Rosa et al., 2013).

Philoctetes punctulatus (Dahlbom, 1854)

Omalus punctulatus Dahlbom, 1854:35. Syntypes ♀♀; France: Landes; Italy: Sicily (Lund).

Philoctetes punctulatus: Rosa et al., 2013:14 (Qazvin); Farhad et al., 2018:197 (key), 200 (Qazvin).

Distribution. Iran (Qazvin). West-Palaearctic, from South-western Europe to Western Asia; Northern Africa (Linsenmaier, 1999).

Philoctetes sareptanus (Mocsáry, 1889)

Ellampus sareptanus Mocsáry, 1889 83. Holotype ♂; Russia: Sarepta (Vienna).

Philoctetes sareptanus: Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:5 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Southern Russia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Philoctetes tarnanii (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932)

Ellampus tarnanii Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932:40. Lectotype ♂ designated by Kimsey, 1986; Uzbekistan: Termez (St. Petersburg).

Philoctetes tarnanii: Rosa et al., 2013:14; Farhad et al., 2018:194 (Alborz, figs 1E, 2B), 195 (fig. 3E), 197 (key); Rosa, 2020:464 (Esfahan).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Esfahan). Central Asia: Uzbekistan (Kimsey & Bohart, 1991).

Genus Pseudomalus Ashmead, 1902

Pseudomalus Ashmead, 1902:229. Type species: Omalus semicircularis Aaron, 1885 [= Pseudomalus janus (Haldeman, 1844)], by original designation. Farhad et al., 2018:201.

Pseudomalus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Sphex aurata Linnaeus, 1758:572. Holotype ♀; Europe (London-Linnean Society).

Pseudomalus auratus: Rosa et al., 2013:13 (Lorestan); Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:19 (Tehran); Farhad et al., 2018:201 (key, Lorestan); Rosa, 2020:464 (Kermanshah, Lorestan).

Distribution. Iran (Kermanshah, Lorestan, Tehran). Holarctic, from Europe and Northern Africa to Japan and accidentally introduced into North America (Bohart & Kimsey, 1982).

Pseudomalus bergi (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932)

Ellampus bergi Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932:43. Holotype ♂; Kazakhstan: Dzhungar Alatau Mts., Kora River [near Tekeli] (St. Petersburg).

Pseudomalus bergi: Rosa et al., 2013:14 (East-Azarbaijan); Farhad et al., 2018:201 (key, East-Azarbaijan).

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan). Caucasus; Central Asia: Kazakhstan (Rosa et al., 2013).

Pseudomalus turkestanicus (Mocsáry, 1889)

Ellampus (Ellampus) turkestanicus Mocsáry, 1889:101. Holotype [sex unknown]; Uzbekistan: Tashkent (Kraków).

Ellampus (Ellampus) masalskii Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1932:47. Holotype ♂; Uzbekistan: Samarkand, Katty-kurgan (Moscow). Synonymised by Farhad et al., 2018:210.

Pseudomalus turkestanicus: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:19 (Alborz); Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars); Strumia et al., 2016b:59 (Fars); Farzaneh et al., 2017:497 (Fars); Iranmanesh et al., 2017:297 (Kerman). Farhad et al., 2018:194 (figs 1F, 2C), 195 (fig. 3F); Farhad et al., 2018:201 (key, Alborz, Fars, Gilan, Hormozgan, Mazandaran, Qazvin), 202 (fig. 6); Falahatpisheh et al., 2019:6 (Fars); Rosa, 2020:464 (Esfahan, Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Fars, Gilan, Hormozgan, Esfahan, Kerman, Mazandaran, Qazvin). Türkiye; Central Asia: Tajikistan, Uzbekistan (Rosa et al., 2017a; Farhad et al., 2018).

Pseudomalus violaceus (Scopoli, 1763)

Sphex violacea Scopoli, 1763:298. Type lost; Europe (depository unknown).

Pseudomalus violaceus: Samin et al., 2014:123 (Mazandaran); Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:19 (Kordestan); Farhad et al., 2018:201 (key), 204 (Khordestan, Mazandaran); Rosa, 2020:464 (Tehran).

Distribution. Iran (Kordestan, Mazandaran, Tehran). Euroasian, from Western Europe to the Russian Far East and China (Rosa et al., 2013).

Tribe Chrysidini Latreille, 1802

Genus Chrysidea Bischoff, 1913

Chrysidea Bischoff, 1913:34, repl. name for Chrysogona Mocsáry, 1882, nom. praeocc., nec Förster, 1853. Type species: Chrysis pumila Klug, 1845:tav. 45 [= Chrysidea pumila (Klug, 1845)], by original designation.

Chrysidea disclusa (Linsenmaier, 1959)

Chrysis (Chrysidea) pumila ssp. disclusa Linsenmaier, 1959a:171. Holotype ♂; Spain: Almeria (Luzern).

Chrysidea disclusa: Farzaneh et al., 2016:439 (Fars- Shiraz).

Distribution. *Iran (Fars). West Mediterranean Countries only (Linsenmaier, 1959a, 1997, 1999).

Chrysidea pumila (Klug, 1845)

Chrysis pumila Klug, 1845. Neotype ♂ designated by Rosa & Xu, 2015:10; Egypt: Fayoum (Luzern).

Chrysidea pumila: Rosa et al., 2013:14 (East-Azarbaijan); Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:19 (Fars); Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars); Farhad et al., 2016b:8 (Hormozgan); Farzaneh et al., 2017:497 (Fars); Iranmanesh et al., 2017:299 (Kerman); Rosa, 2020:465 (Gilan).

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan, Fars, Gilan, Hormozgan, Kerman). Palaearctic and Afrotropical (Kimsey & Bohart, 1991; Madl & Rosa, 2012).

Genus Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761

Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761:414. Type species: Sphex ignita Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation of Latreille, 1810:437.

Chrysogona Förster, 1853:327. Type species: Chysogona gracillima Förster, 1853 [= Chrysis gracillima (Förster, 1853)], by monotypy. Junior subjective synonym of Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761 according to Kimsey & Bohart, 1991.

Dichrysis Lichtenstein, 1876:27. Type species: Chrysis bihamata Spinola, 1843 by subsequent designation of Bodenstein, 1939:126. Junior subjective synonym of Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761 according to Linsenmaier, 1951.

Tetrachrysis Lichtenstein, 1876:27. Type species: Chrysis aeruginosa Dahlbom, 1854, by subsequent designation of Ashmead, 1902:226. Junior subjective synonym of Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761 according to Linsenmaier, 1951.

Hexachrysis Lichtenstein, 1876:27. Type species: Chrysis micans Rossi, 1792 [= Chrysis sexdentata Christ, 1791], by subsequent designation of Bodenstein, 1939:127. Junior subjective synonym of Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761 according to Kimsey & Bohart, 1991.

Chrysis acceptabilis Radoszkowski, 1891

Chrysis acceptabilis Radoszkowski, 1891:197. Lectotype ♂ designated by Rosa et al., 2015d:7; Iran: Sarakhs (Kraków) (maculicornis group).

Chrysis acceptabilis: Rosa et al., 2013:14 (Khorasan-e Razavi); Ebrahimi, 2015:24 (Sistan & Baluchestan); Farhad et al., 2015b:36 (Hormozgan).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan, Khorasan-e Razavi, Sistan & Baluchestan). Afghanistan, Pakistan, North-western India, Saudi-Arabia; Northern Africa: Egypt; Afrotropical: Chad, Sudan (Rosa et al., 2013, Farhad et al., 2015b).

Chrysis aestiva Dahlbom, 1854

Chrysis aestiva Dahlbom, 1854:286. Holotype ♀; Greece: Rhodes Is. (Loew collection, depository unknown) (aestiva group).

Chrysis aestiva: Farhad et al., 2015b:36 (Hormozgan); Rosa, 2020:465 (Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan, Mazandaran). Caucasus; Greece, Iran, Palestine, Rhodes, Türkiye (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysis afghanica Linsenmaier, 1968 (Fig. 8A–F)

Chrysis succincta komareki var. uldarichi Balthasar, 1957:152. Holotype ♀; Afghanistan: Duab (Prague)^*. Invalid quadrinomial name.

Chrysis afghanica Linsenmaier, 1968:68. Holotype ♂; Afghanistan: Duab, based on the type and description of C. succincta komaeriki var. uldarichi Balthasar, 1957 (Luzern) (succincta group).

Material examined. 1♀, Qazvin, Zeresh, 36°25'33''N, 50°06'37''E, 11.viii.2011, leg. M. Khayrandish (TMUC).

Distribution. *Iran (Qazvin). Afghanistan (Linsenmaier, 1968).

Chrysis albanica alia Linsenmaier, 1959

Chrysis albanica alia Linsenmaier, 1959a:160 [not 100]. Holotype ♂; Türkiye: Konya (succincta group).

Chrysis albanica alia: Rosa et al., 2013:15 (Alborz); Iranmanesh et al., 2017:299 (Kerman).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Kerman). Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Chrysis altaica Mocsáry, 1912

Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) analis f. altaica Mocsáry, 1912b:586. Holotype ♀; Kazakhstan: Semipalatinsk [=Semey] (Budapest) (comparata group).

Chrysis altaica: Farzaneh et al., 2017:497 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Kazakhstan (Rosa et al., 2013).

Figure 8. Chrysis afghanica Linsenmaier, 1968, female. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view;
C. Mesosoma, lateral view; D. Mesosoma, dorsal view; E. Metasoma, postero-lateral view; F. Metasoma, ventral view.

Chrysis ambigua Radoszkowski, 1891

Chrysis ambigua Radoszkowski, 1891:188. Holotype ♀; Turkmenistan: Ashgabat (Kraków) (cerastes group).

Chrysis ambigua: Rosa et al., 2013:15 (Khorasan-e Razavi, Tehran); Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:20 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Khorasan-e Razavi, Tehran). Euroasiatic, South-eastern Europe, Palestine, Rhodes, Türkiye, Middle East; Central Asia: Turkmenistan (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysis amerii Rosa & Farhad, sp. nov. (Fig. 9A–F)

https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:10A6C3C8-204A-4C56-BC19-A7F6795AE72F

Material examined. Holotype ♀; IRAN, Hormozgan province: Chelo, 27°10'30"N, 57°01'09"E, 23.iii.2012, leg. A. Ameri (TMUC). Paratype 1♀, same locality, 18.v.2012, leg. A. Ameri (PRC).

Diagnosis. Chrysis amerii sp. nov. belongs to the Chrysis succincta species group which includes medium to large species (5.0–9.0 mm) with apical margin of the third metasomal tergum edentate, bidentate, tridentate or quadridentate; scapal basin microridged in male, and completely polished and smooth in female; transverse frontal carina normally developed; black spots on second metasomal sternum various, usually covering large part of sternum. Chrysis amerii sp. nov. can be immediately separated by other species of this group by the combination of the following diagnostic characters: metallic blue body, with greenish spots at sides of second tergum (Fig. 9E); apical margin of third tergum with a median protrusion, apically truncate (Fig. 9D, E); transverse frontal carina double (Fig. 9A), with the upper carina crescent and sharp medially; pronotum with shallow, barely visible antero-median depression, composed by short row of small punctures. Chrysis amerii can be separated from the other green to blue species of succincta group by simple apical margin of third tergum, with a single, median protrusion, whereas apical margin of C. robertsi Rosa, 2021 is quadridentate and apical margin of C. maidaquensis Strumia, 2014 is tridentate. Outside Iran, other blue species can be separated by Chrysis amerii sp. nov. for triadentate apical margin, such as C. minutissima Radoszkowski, 1876, or for quadridentate apical margin, as C. friesei du Buysson, 1900.

Description. ¾ Holotype ♀ (Fig. 9A–F). Body length 7.6 mm; anterior wing length 4 mm.

Head. Brow with dense and small punctures between anterior ocellus and upper branch of transverse frontal carina; punctation denser, with small punctures on ocellar area; spaced between posterior ocelli and compound eye; postero-laterad posterior ocelli with punctures separated by polished, wide interspaces up to 2 puncture diameter; posterior ocelli with postero-lateral deep, round and small fovea; temple largely polished, with small, scattered punctures; scapal basin typically deep and medially polished, laterally densely and finely punctate, each puncture bearing white seta; malar space finely and densely punctate; upper transverse frontal carina vaguely M-shaped, with median part distinctly raised, almost straight, and laterally downcurved connecting lower part of frontal carina, toping scapal basin (Fig. 9A); genal carina sharp, straight, fully developed from occiput to mandibular insertion; subantennal space short, 0.5× MOD; apex of clypeus arcuate inward with narrow dark brown rim. Clypeus medially polished; with a row of small punctures before apical rim; punctures small and dense laterally, bearing a white seta. Distance between anterior ocellus and upper margin of frontal carina 1.2× MOD; distance between anterior ocellus and upper margin of scapal basin = 2.0× MOD. OOL 1.7× MOD; POL 2.5× MOD; MS 1.0× MOD; relative length of P:F1:F2:F3 = 1.0:1.5:0.9:0.9.

Mesosoma. Medial pronotal furrow shallow, barely visible, apicomedially as short row of small punctures; pronotum with small punctures, irregularly sized from very small to small (0.1–0.4× MOD); polished interspaces as large as 1 to 2 puncture diameters along anterior margin; puncture denser on posterior half with very small punctures (not dots) between larger ones; punctation on mesoscutum and scutellum shallow and spaced medially (Fig. 9B), with small punctures, at most 0.5× MOD; interspaces polished, as large as 1 to 2 puncture diameters; punctation on lateral area of mesoscutum contrasting, denser and deeper; notauli formed by deep, metallic, sub-square foveae, as large as larger punctures on mesonotum; parapsidal signum deep and distinct; scutellum antero-medially largely polished, punctation denser along margins; scutellar-metanotal suture deep, with large median fovea; posterior propodeal projections divergent; mesopleuron with episternal sulcus formed by large subsquare foveae, larger than other punctures on segment (Fig. 9C).

Metasoma. First tergum with even, medium sized punctures, equally spaced (Fig. 9D); second tergum with slightly smaller punctures, denser antero-dorsally, almost without interspaces; laterally and on second half of tergum with spaced and shallower punctures, with larger, polished interspaces up to 2 puncture diameters; longitudinal median carina weak; third tergum with small, scattered punctures, with small punctures on interspaces; apical margin almost continuous, apico-medially protruding and truncate at apex protrusion (Fig. 9E); apical margin of tergum with narrow, brownish rim; pits of pit row small, shallow, black, only slightly larger than larger punctures on tergum (Fig. 9E); black spots on second sternum relatively small, covering about half sternum length; posterior margin of black spots obliquous; spots medially fused (Fig. 9F).

Colouration. Body dark blue with purplish reflections; scutellum and posterior margin of second tergum with greenish reflections; scape, pedicel and first flagellum basally metallic, other flagellomere blackish; wings hyaline, with brown veins.

Vestiture. Head dorsally with short, dense greyish to whitish setae as long as 1× MOD; ventrally with long white setae, at least 2× MOD long; mesosoma and metasoma dorsally with short (1× MOD) greyish setae, laterally on metasoma and on legs with erect, very long white hairs, as long as 2–3× MOD.

Male. Unknown.

Etymology. The specific epithet amerii (masculine noun in genitive) is dedicated to Ali Ameri (Tehran, Iran), for his contribution to the study of Iranian Chrysididae, having collected a large number of new species for the country and for science in the last decade.

Distribution. *Iran (Hormozgan).

Chrysis amneris Balthasar, 1953

Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) amneris Balthasar, 1953:227. Holotype ♂; Palestine: Wadi el Kelt (Prague) (amneris group).

Chrysis amneris: Falahatpisheh et al., 2020:30 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). Palestine, Russia; Sudan; Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates (Rosa et al., 2017b, 2020a).

Chrysis angustifrons agitata Linsenmaier, 1959

Chrysis (Chrysis) angustifrons agitata Linsenmaier, 1959a:138. Holotype ♀; Türkiye: Sullan Dagh (Luzern) (elegans group).

Chrysis angustifrons agitata: Rosa et al., 2013:15 (cat, East-Azarbaijan).

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan). Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Chrysis angustifrons angustifrons Abeille de Perrin, 1878

Chrysis angustifrons Abeille de Perrin, 1878:5. Syntypes ♂, ♀ [not holotype ♂]; France (Paris) (elegans group).

Chrysis (Holochrysis) pyrrha Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:153. Holotype ♀; Georgia: Lagodekhi (St. Petersburg).

Chrysis (Holochrysis) poetarum Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:154. Holotype ♂; Iran: Luristan (St. Petersburg).

Chrysis (Holochrysis) sappho Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:153. Holotype ♂; Georgia: Lagodekhi (St. Petersburg).

Chrysis pyrrha: Rosa et al., 2013:27 (Khuzestan, Lorestan).

Distribution. Iran (Khuzestan, Lorestan). Southern Europe from Spain to Greece, Caucasus (Rosa et al., 2013).

Remarks. Chrysis pyrrha Semenov-Tian-Shanskij was synonymised with Chrysis angustifrons Abeille de Perrin by Rosa et al. (2017a:48).

Chrysis annulata du Buysson, 1887

Chrysis annulata du Buysson, 1887:192. Holotype ♂; Palestine: Tiberias (Paris) (maculicornis group).

Chrysis annulata: Rosa et al., 2013:16 (East-Azarbaijan, Fars, Khuzestan); Ebrahimi, 2015:25 (Alborz) Farhad et al., 2015b:37 (Hormozgan).

Material examined. 1♀, Alborz, Shahrestanak, 35°55'34''N, 51°22'20''E, 8.vi.2010, leg. M. Khayrandish (TMUC); 1♂, Alborz, Karaj, 35°46'20''N, 50°56'4''E, 16.vi.2010, leg. M. Khayrandish (TMUC); 1♀, idem, 6.vii.2010 (TMUC).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, East-Azarbaijan, Fars, Hormozgan, Khuzestan). South-eastern Europe, Cyprus, Palestine, Syria, Pakistan; Northern Africa (Rosa et al., 2013).

Figure 9. Chrysis amerii Rosa & Farhad, sp. nov., female, holotype. A. Head, frontal view; B. Mesosoma, dorsal view; C. Mesosoma, lateral view; D. Metasoma, dorsal view; E. Metasoma, postero-lateral view; F. Metasoma, ventral view.

Chrysis apiata du Buysson, 1900

Chrysis apiata du Buysson, 1900:149. Holotype ♂; Iran: Tehran (Paris) (comparata group).

Chrysis apiata: Rosa et al., 2013:16 (Khorasan-e Razavi, Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Khorasan-e Razavi, Fars) (du Buysson, 1900).

Chrysis araratica Radoszkowski, 1890

Chrysis araratica Radoszkowski, 1890:509. Holotype ♂; Türkiye: Buyuk Agri Dagh [Mt. Ararat] (Krakow) (scutellaris group).

Chrysis araratica: Rosa et al., 2013:16 (West-Azarbaijan - Kamal-Abad).

Distribution. Iran (West-Azarbaijan). Türkiye (Radoszkowski, 1890).

Chrysis asiatica Radoszkowski, 1889

Chrysis asiatica Radoszkowski, 1889:26. Holotype ♂; Uzbekistan: Tashkent (Krakow) (comparata group).

Chrysis asiatica: Rosa et al., 2013:17 (Khorasan-e Razavi).

Distribution. Iran (Khorasan-e Razavi). Central Asia: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (Radoszkowski, 1891).

Chrysis batyamensis Linsenmaier, 1969

Chrysis batyamensis Linsenmaier, 1969:376. Holotype ♀; Palestine: Bat Yam (Luzern) (curta group).

Chrysis batyamensis: Rosa, 2020:465 (Hormozgan), 473 (Fig. 7).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan). Palestine.

Chrysis brunneamarginata Farhad, Rosa & Talebi [in Farhad et al., 2019]

Chrysis varidens sillensis Linsenmaier, 1987: Farhad et al., 2015b:40 (Hormozgan).

Chrysis brunnemarginata Farhad et al., 2019:1008 (key, figs 2B, C, J), 1009 (figs 3G, H, I), 1010 (fig. 4), 1011 (fig. 5). Holotype ♂; Iran: Hormozgan Minab, Chelo, 27° 10'30''N, 57°01'09''E, 16m, 20.iv.2012, leg. A. Ameri (Tehran) (varidens group).

Remarks. This species was initially identified as Chrysis varidens sillensis, but later described and recognized as distinct species (Farhad et al., 2019).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan).

Chrysis capito Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967

Chrysis (Gonodontochrysis) capito Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:159. Holotype ♂; Iran: Arysh env. [Arisht in Qazvin, not Azerbaijan, rajon Khojavend] (St. Petersburg) (bihamata group).

Chrysis (Gonodontochrysis) capito: Rosa et al., 2013:17 (Qazvin).

Distribution. Iran (Qazvin).

Chrysis caucasicola Balthasar, 1953

Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) analis var. caucasica Mocsáry, 1912b:586, nom. praeocc., nec Radoszkowski, 1877. Holotype ♀; Azerbaijan: Adjikent (Budapest) (comparata group).

Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) analis f. caucasicola Balthasar, 1953:228. Replacement name for Chrysis analis var. caucasica Mocsáry, 1912, nec Mocsáry, 1889.

Chrysis (Chrysis) analis ssp. caucasiensis Linsenmaier, 1959a:146. Replacement name for Chrysis analis caucasica Mocsáry, 1912, nec Mocsáry, 1889.

Chrysis perrinii Radoszkowski, 1889:25; Rosa et al., 2013:26 (Tehran).

Distribution. Iran (Tehran). Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Georgia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Remarks. The record of Chrysis simplonica Linsenmaier, 1951 from Gilan (Samin et al., 2014) is considered doubtful (see below) and should refer to C. caucasicola.

Chrysis chamrosh Rosa, sp. nov. (Fig. 10A–F)

https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C41CA5B7-231D-46D9-B612-3D41F96542E8

Material examined. Holotype ♀; IRAN, Mazandaran province: 75 km S of Chalus [Elburs], 2400m, 12.vii.1977, leg. J. Gusenleitner (NMLU).

Diagnosis. Chrysis chamrosh sp. nov. belongs to the succincta group. It is closely related to the Central Asian Chrysis irenes Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol’skaya, 1954, known from Tajikistan, whose type is illustrated in Rosa et al. (2017a, plate 67). Chrysis chamrosh sp. nov. can be separated by its colour pattern, an important diagnostic character in this species group (Linsenmaier, 1959a; Rosa & Makris, 2023), by the shape of the apical margin of the third tergum, the pit row and the body punctation. The body colour is green with red to purplish areas on anterior margin of pronotum, mesonotum, metanotum and propodeum (Fig. 10A) (vs. red only on mesonotum, with a small golden hue anteromedially on scutellum in C. irenes); the scapal basin is largely polished (Fig. 10B) (vs. densely micropunctate laterally); the mesonotal punctation is spaced and shallow (Fig. 10C) (vs. dense and deeper); the metasomal punctation is distinctly shallower and sparser in the second half of the tergite (vs. uniformly dense); the third tergum has small, shallow and spaced pits of the pit row (Fig. 10E) (vs. pits of the pit row deep and elongate); the black spots on second sternum are fused medially in both species, but in C. chamrosh there is a greenish median spot before the apical margin (Fig. 10F).

Description. ¾ Holotype ♀ (Fig. 10A–F). Body length: 6.3 mm; wing length: 3.8 mm.

Head. Frons with dense, weakly impressed, small punctures (0.2–0.4 MOD), larger and more spaced on temples between lateral ocelli and eyes, denser and smaller on ocelli area and occipital area; lateral ocelli with two deep lateral foveae; frontal carina weak, as a dark line with vaguely M-shaped between frontal punctures (Fig. 10B); punctures between scapal basin and frontal carina larger than on those between anterior ocellus and frontal carina, not elongate; scapal basin deep, impunctate and polished medially with scattered, small punctures laterally (Fig. 10B); malar space long (1.1.MOD) covered by small, dense punctation; subantennal space short (0.6 × MOD); genal carina sharp, fully developed from temple to mandible insertion; apex of clypeus with thin brown rim. OOL 1.8 × MOD; POL 2.0 × MOD; MS 1.1 × MOD; relative length of P: F1: F2: F3 = 1.0: 1.6: 1.0: 0.8.

Mesosoma. Medial pronotal line weak, reaching 1/3rds of pronotal length; pronotum as long as scutellum, with small to medium punctures (0.1 – 0.6 × MOD), the latter larger than punctures of head; punctures on pronotal scutum weak and irregularly shaped; mesoscutum with similar puncture, sparser and weaker on median area and between notauli and parapsidal lines, with wide polished interspaces; notauli formed by small, deep foveae, subrectangular basesally and small and rounded towards apex, parapsidal signum as deep, dark line; mesoscutellum with spaced and shallow punctures; scutellar-metanotal suture deep, formed by longitudinally elongate foveae; metanotal punctures denser, without polished interspaces; posterior propodeal projections slightly divergent; with blunt apex; mesopleuron with punctures larger and shallower on mesepimeron; episternal sulcus formed by small, subsquare foveae, partially confluent each other.

Metasoma. Terga with even, geminate punctures (punctures appearing as two merged together, as the typical metasomal sculpture of Trichrysis Lichtenstein, 1876), smaller than those on mesoscutum; on first tergum slightly larger, on second tergum smaller and sparser on second half; on third tergum sparser; median longitudinal carina faint; pits of the pit row small, black and rounded (Fig. 10E); apical teeth short, triangular, bordered with hyaline rim; black spots on second sternum fused medially, covering almost 2/3^rd of sternal length and with greenish median spot before the apical margin (Fig. 10F).

Colour. Head and mesosoma green with red to purplish areas on anterior and lateral margin of pronotum, mesonotum, metanotum and propodeum; tegula slightly metallic red along inner margin; notauli blue; scutellar-metanotal suture blue to green; mesopleuron green with golden hue medially; legs pinkish; metasoma red to purplish with apical margin of all tergites green; sterna red; wings hyaline with brown nervures.

Male. Unknown.

Etymology. The specific epithet chamrosh (masculine, in apposition) is the name of a mythological bird in Persian mythology said to live on the summit of Mount Alborz, close to the type locality area where the holotype of this Chrysis species was collected, in Mazandaran Province.

Distribution. Iran (Mazandaran).

Figure 10. Chrysis chamrosh Rosa, sp. nov., female. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Mesosoma, lateral view; E. Metasoma, posterior view; F. Metasoma, ventral view.

Chrysis chlorochrysa Mocsáry 1889

Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) chlorochrysa Mocsáry [in Radoszkowski], 1889:23. Syntypes ♂, ♀; Turkmenistan [not Iran]: Askhabad (Kraków) (viridissima group).

Chrysis subcoerulea Radoszkowski, 1891:191; Rosa et al., 2013:31 (East-Azarbaijan, Mazandaran); Farhad et al., 2015b:40 (Hormozgan).

Material examined. 1♂, Hormozgan, Minab, 27°08'39''N, 57°04'31''E, 2.vii.2012, leg. A. Ameri.

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan, Hormozgan, Mazandaran). Greece (Linsenmaier, 1968), Türkiye (Strumia & Yildirim, 2009); Central Asia: Turkmenistan (Mocsáry in Radoszkowski, 1889).

Remarks. Chrysis subcoerulea Radoszkowski was synonymised by Rosa et al. (2015d:60).

Chrysis cingulicornis libanoensis Linsenmaier, 1968

Chrysis cingulicornis libanoensis Linsenmaier, 1968:81. Holotype ♀; Lebanon (Luzern) (viridula group).

Chrysis cingulicornis libanoensis: Linsenmaier, 1987:149 (Mazandaran).

Chrysis cingulicornis: Rosa et al., 2013:18 (Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Mazandaran) (Linsenmaier, 1987). Lebanon, Türkiye (Strumia & Yildirim, 2009).

Chrysis clarinicollis Linsenmaier, 1951

Chrysis ignita var. clarinicollis Linsenmaier, 1951:77 [not 78]. Lectotype ♀ designated by Linsenmaier, 1959a:154; Switzerland: Wallis (Luzern) (ignita group).

Chrysis ignita var. clarinicollis: Farzaneh et al., 2017:498 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). West Palaearctic: from Southern and Central Europe to Ural; Northern Africa (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysis coa Invrea, 1939 (Fig. 16D)

Chrysis coa Invrea, 1939:108. Holotype ♂; Greece: Kos Is. (Triest) (succincta group).

Chrysis coa: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:20 (Kordestan); Tavasoli & Fallahzadeh, 2015:82 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Kordestan). Greece (Kos Is., Rhodes Is.) (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Chrysis comparata Lepeletier 1806

Chrysis comparata Lepeletier, 1806:127. Neotype ♂ designated by Rosa & Xu, 2015:13; France: Meudon (Turin) (comparata group).

Chrysis comparata: Rosa, 2020:465 (Alborz, Mazandaran), 474 (fig. 11).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Mazandaran). West-Palaearctic from Europe to Caucasus, Ural, and Siberia; Northern Africa (Rosa et al., 2013; Linsenmaier, 1999).

Chrysis comta Förster, 1853

Chrysis comta Förster, 1853:314. Holotype ♂; Türkiye (type depository unknown) (ignita group).

Chrysis comta: Rosa et al., 2013:18 (East-Azarbaijan).

Distribution. Iran (East-Azarbaijan). Euroasian, from Central and Southern Europe to Türkiye, Caucasus, Ural, and China (Rosa et al., 2014).

Chrysis confluens (Dahlbom, 1845)

Chrysura confluens Dahlbom, 1845:6. Holotype ♂; Greece: Rhodes Is. (Stockholm) (elegans group).

Gonochrysis elegans var. smaragdula Trautmann, 1926, nom. praeoccup., nec Fabricius, 1775. Lectotype ♂ designated by Bohart in Kimsey & Bohart, 1991:407. Greece: Rhodes Is. (Berlin).

Chrysis (Chrysis) elegans ssp. interrogata Linsenmaier, 1959a:137. Replacement name for Gonochrysis elegans var. smaragdula Trautmann, 1926, nec Fabricius, 1775.

Chrysis elegans ssp. interrogata Linsenmaier, 1959 = Chrysis confluens (Dahlbom, 1845): Rosa & Vårdal, 2015:96.

Chrysis elegans interrogata: Rosa et al., 2013:20 (Fars).

Chrysis elegans ssp. smaragdula: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:21 (Kordestan).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Kordestan). Rhodes (Linsenmaier, 1959a), Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1968).

Remarks. Chrysis elegans interrogata Linsenmaier, 1959 was synonymised with Chrysis confluens Dahlbom by Rosa & Vårdal (2015).

Chrysis consanguinea Mocsáry, 1889

Chrysis (Gonochrysis) consanguinea Mocsáry, 1889:299. Syntypes ♀♀ [not ♂ and ♀]; Italy: Sicily; Algeria (Geneva) (viridula group).

Chrysis consanguinea: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:20 (Khorasan-e Razavi).

Distribution. Iran (Khorasan-e Razavi). Palaearctic, from Southern Europe to Caucasus and Siberia; Northern Africa (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysis consobrina Mocsáry, 1889

Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) consobrina Mocsáry, 1889:458. Lectotype ♀ designated by Bohart in Bohart & French, 1986:341; Turkmenistan: Ashgabat (Budapest) (scutellaris group).

Chrysis soror consobrina: Rosa et al., 2013:30 (Demabend [=Demavand]); Farzaneh et al., 2017:499 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Fars), as Persia (Bischoff, 1913; Balthasar, 1953). Transcaspia (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Remarks. Chrysis consobrina was ranked as a valid species by Rosa et al. (2017e).

Chrysis corusca Valkeila, 1971

Chrysis corusca Valkeila, 1971:84. Holotype ♀; Sweden: Åsbro Lerbäck (Stockholm) (ignita group).

Chrysis corusca: Rosa et al., 2013:18 (Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Mazandaran). Central and Northern Europe (Paukkunen et al., 2015).

Chrysis crenulata Rosa, sp. nov. (Fig. 11A–F)

https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:42A61BB7-CA6A-429D-A7F8-9877A127FA45

Material examined. Holotype ♀; IRAN, Golestan province: Elburs 40 km S of Shahpasand Tilabad, 1600m, 16.vii.1977, leg. A.W. Ebmer / bei heraklionica spec.? Coll. Linsenmaier / GBIF_Chr 00019822 (NMLU).

Diagnosis. Chrysis crenulata sp. nov. belongs to the succincta group and is related to Chrysis heraklionica Linsenmaier, 1968 from Crete, as already noticed by Linsenmaier on his identification label. The main differences between these two species are body punctation, spaced in C. crenulata sp. nov., in particular well visible on mesonotum and metasoma (vs. deep, dense, without polished interspaces in C. heraklionica); scapal basin medially crenulate and not typically polished as in all the other species of the succincta group; impuncate area of scapal basin T-shaped, not largely polished as in other species (Fig. 11B); colour pattern with scutellum green, contrasting mesoscutum (Fig. 11C); green to golden-green on head, pronotum posteriorly, metanotum and propodeum (red non-contrasting and other segments blue in C. heraklionica); antenna with scape, pedicel and first flagellomere basally metallic (non-metallic in C. heraklionica).

Description. ¾ Holotype ♀ (Fig. 11A–F). Body length 7.4 mm; anterior wing length 4.2 mm (Fig. 11A).

Head. Vertex, ocellar area and brow with dense and small punctures (0.2–0.3× MOD); from posterior ocelli to temples with similar punctures but separated by polished wide interspaces of 1 puncture diameter; posterior ocelli with postero-lateral deep fovea confluent in a lateral, narrow fovea, as long as ocellus length; postero-laterad posterior ocelli with larger polished area as large as 1× MOD; scapal basin deep below upper margin, medially and apically relatively flat for females in this group; impunctate T-shaped area below upper margin and medially (width of 2× MOD) not fully polished, but unusually crenulated; laterally densely and finely punctate as in males of this group, each puncture bearing white short seta, but pilosity not covering face and malar spaces, still clearly visible; malar space finely and densely punctate; frontal carina weak (Fig. 11B), irregular, barely visible as impunctate stripe between punctures, with darker coloration; genal carina sharp, straight, fully developed from middle eye to mandibular insertion; subantennal space short, 0.6× MOD; apex of clypeus straight, slightly arcuate upward with narrow, dark brown rim. Distance between anterior ocellus and margin of upper transverse frontal carina = 2.5× MOD. OOL 1.6× MOD; POL 2.0× MOD; MS 0.9× MOD; relative length of P:F1:F2:F3 = 1.0:1.7:0.8:0.7.

Mesosoma. Medial pronotal furrow deep, reaching 3/4 of pronotal length; pronotum with uneven punctures, small to medium sized (0.1–0.5× MOD), shallow on anterior margin, denser and deeper laterally, with occasional dots on interspaces; on mesoscutum with relatively shallow punctures, larger postero-medially on median area, distinctly smaller antero-medially (Fig. 11C); median area with polished interspaces without small punctures or dots; lateral area of mesoscutum with denser punctures, in particular denser and deeper at sides; notauli formed by deep, blue metallic, round, and very small foveae, as large as the smaller adjacent punctures; parapsidal signum deep and distinct; scutellum with punctures similar to those at base of mesoscutum, with large triangular, polished area antero-medially; scutellar-metanotal suture deep, formed by longitudinally elongate foveae; metanotum densely and deeply punctate, with small punctures on narrow interspaces; posterior propodeal projections subparallel; mesopleuron with episternal sulcus formed by large, subrectangular foveae, as large as two punctures and confluent with adjacent points (Fig. 11D).

Metasoma. Punctures on terga even, deep without dots or small punctures on interspaces; longitudinal median carina faint; third tergum with large, deep pits of pit row, two median pits larger than other punctures on tergum, others as large or slightly larger than largest punctures on tergum (Fig. 11E); apical margin quadridentate, with median ones closer each other than lateral and median one; median teeth blunt, lateral ones acute; black spots on second sternum large, covering half of sternum length; spots fused only medially with posterior margin convex (Fig. 11F).

Colouration. Body with typical colour pattern of succincta, with pronotum anteriorly, mesoscutum and metasoma red, excluding the apical margin blue; head and other parts green to golden green; legs greenish to reddish; black on median area of metascutum and antero-medially on second tergum; tegula non-metallic; scape, pedicel, and first flagellomere basally metallic.

Vestiture. Setae whitish and long (at least 1.5× MOD) on head and mesosoma dorsally; longer (up to 3× MOD) on metasoma laterally and on femora and tibiae, here erect on both and outer side.

Male. Unknown.

Etymology. The specific epithet crenulata derives from the New Latin adjective crenulatus (crenulate) and refers to the microsculpture on the scapal basin of the female, usually polished in the succincta species-group.

Distribution. *Iran (Golestan).

Chrysis cylindrica Eversmann, 1858 (Fig. 12A–F)

Chrysis cylindrica Eversmann, 1858:554. Holotype ♀; Russia: Kazan (Kraków) (viridula group).

Material examined. 1♂, Kordestan, 1500 m, 22 km N of Kamyaran, 34°57'20''N, 46°58'38''E, 18.v.2013, leg. D. Baiocchi (PRC).

Distribution. *Iran (Kordestan). South-East Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysis daphnis syriensis Linsenmaier, 1959

Chrysis (Chrysis) daphnis syriensis Linsenmaier, 1959a:133. Holotype ♀; Syria: Homs (Luzern) (viridula group).

Chrysis daphnis syriensis: Rosa et al., 2013:18 (Fars, Qazvin); Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:20 (Fars, Khorasan-e Razavi); Rosa, 2020:465 (Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Khorasan-e Razavi, Mazandaran, Qazvin). Palestine, Syria, Türkiye (Linsenmaier, 1959a).

Chrysis dauriana Linsenmaier, 1959

Chrysis (Chrysis) cavaleriei dauriana Linsenmaier, 1959a:112. Holotype ♀; Russia: Dauria (Luzern) (succincta group).

Chrysis cavaleriei dauriana: Rosa et al., 2013:17 (Alborz).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz). Central Asia (Linsenmaier, 1959a), Siberia, Russian Far East, Mongolia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Remarks. Chrysis dauriana Linsenmaier was ranked as a valid species by Rosa et al. (2017a:40). Re-examination of the specimen in Linsenmaier's collection is requested.

Figure 11. Chrysis crenulata Rosa, sp. nov., female, holotype. A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Mesosoma, lateral view; E. Metasoma, postero-lateral view;
F. Metasoma, ventral view.

Chrysis demavendae Radoszkowski, 1881 (Fig. 13A–F)

Chrysis demavendae Radoszkowski, 1881:v. Syntypes ♂, ♀; Iran: Damavend Mt. (Tehran/Mazandaran) (Berlin) (smaragdula group).

Chrysis demabendae (!): Radoszkowski, 1889:33.

Chrysis demavendae: Rosa et al., 2013:19 (Tehran/Mazandaran).

Material examined. 1♂, Hormozgan, Bastak, 30.iii.2011, leg. A. Ameri (TMUC); 1♀, Fars, Goldamcheh, 28°39'31''N, 53°32'17''E (TMUC).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Hormozgan, Mazandaran, Tehran).

Figure 12. Chrysis cylindrica Eversmann, 1858, male. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Metasoma, dorsal view; E. Metasoma, postero-lateral view; F. Metasoma, ventral view.

Figure 13. Chrysis demavendae Radoszkowski, 1881, A., C., E. Female; B., D., E. Male. A–B. Habitus, dorsal view; C–D. Head, frontal view; E–F. Mesosoma, posterior view;.

Chrysis dentipes dentipes Radoszkowski, 1877

Chrysis dentipes Radoszkowski, 1877:15. Lectotype ♀ designated by Bohart in Kimsey & Bohart, 1991; Uzbekistan: Sarafschan (Moscow) (taczanovskyi group).

Chrysis iraniensis du Buysson, 1900:150. Holotype ♀; Iran: Tehran (Paris).

Chrysis eversmanni Mocsáry, 1912a:407. Holotype ♂; Turkmenistan (Budapest).

Chrysis dentipes: Rosa et al., 2013:19 (Tehran); Farhad et al., 2015b:37 (Hormozgan).

Material examined. 1 ♀, Hormozgan, Chelo, 27°10'30"N, 57°10'09"E, 11.iv.2011, leg. A. Ameri (TMUC).

Distribution. Iran (Hormozgan, Tehran). Central Asia: Tadjikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan (Tarbinsky, 2002a).

Chrysis diacantha diacantha Mocsáry, 1889

Chrysis (Dichrysis) diacantha Mocsáry, 1889:318. Lectotype ♀ designated by Móczár, 1965; Caucasus (Budapest) (varidens-ragusae group).

Chrysis diacantha diacantha: Falahatpisheh et al., 2020:31 (Fars).

Distribution. Iran (Fars). South-East Europe, Caucasus, Middle East, Central Asia, Russia (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysis distincta distincta Mocsáry, 1887

Chrysis analis var. incerta Radoszkovsky, 1880:145, nom. praeoccup., nec Dahlbom, 1854. Type ♀; Caucasus (Krakow) (maculicornis group).

Chrysis distincta Mocsáry, 1887:13. Replacement name for analis incerta Radoszkovsky, 1880.

Chrysis distincta: Rosa et al., 2013:19 (Sistan & Baluchestan); Rosa, 2020:465 (Kerman, North Khorasan).

Distribution. Iran (Kerman, North Khorasan, Sistan & Baluchestan), Caucasus, Palestine, Türkiye, Pakistan; Central Asia; Northern Africa: Algeria (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysis distincta exigua Mocsáry, 1889

Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) exigua Mocsáry, 1889:454. Holotype ♀; Uzbekistan: Tashkent (Kraków) (maculicornis group).

Chrysis distincta exigua: Strumia & Fallahzadeh, 2015:20 (Alborz).

Distribution. Iran (Alborz). Central Asia (Mocsáry, 1889).

Chrysis echidna Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967 (Figs 14A–F; 31B, 31F)

Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) echidna Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967:163. Holotype ♀; Turkmenistan: Ashkhabad (St. Petersburg) (subsinuata group).

Material examined. 1♀, Hormozgan, Bastak, 30.iii.2011, leg. Ameri (TMUC); 1♂, Ilam province: SW of Abdanan, 32°54'54"N, 47°18'3.6"E, 1830m, 12.v.2016, leg. M. Kafka (MHC).

Distribution. *Iran (Hormozgan, Ilam). Turkmenistan (Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967).

Chrysis edentata Rosa & Baiocchi, sp. nov. (Figs 15A–F, 16A)

https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:58D52AB7-E844-4DED-86FB-0BDDCD83702A

Material examined. Holotype ♂; IRAN, Kerman province: N of Deh Bakri, 29°07'40"N, 57°55'99"E, 1825m, 26–27.v.2012, leg. D. Baiocchi (MSNM).

Diagnosis. Chrysis edentata sp. nov. belongs to the succincta group and is somehow related to Chrysis mavromoustakisi Trautmann, 1929 from Cyprus due to the general habitus, similar to Chrysis grohmanni Dahlbom, 1854 and without apical teeth on the last visible tergum. Also the short second flagellomere (shorter than the third) and male genitalia are related to C. mavromoustakisi, but the genital capsule of C. edentata is narrower, the gonostylus shorter and the apex of gonostylus simple, digitate, not bifurcate as in C. mavromoustakisi (Figs 16A, B); apical margin of third tergum edentate, unmodified (Fig. 15E), whereas in C. mavromoustakisi is pulled out, with elongate pits of the pit row (Fig. 16G); black spots on second tergum medially fused in C. edentata, with straight margin, covering less than half sternum (vs. separate medially, with oblique margin and covering more than half sternum); besides other characters, also the colour pattern of Chrysis edentata sp. nov. is significantly different, being entirely green (Fig. 15A) and clearly distinct from the contrasting red and blue colour of Chrysis mavromoustakisi (Figs 16G, compare also the picture in Rosa et al., 2017d:fig. 7B).

Description. ¾ Holotype ♂ (Figs 15A–F). Body length 6.3 mm; anterior wing length 3.5 mm (Fig. 15A).

Head. Vertex, ocellar area and brow between anterior ocellus and upper branch of transverse frontal carina with dense and small punctures; postero-laterad posterior ocelli with polished area as large as 1× MOD; posterior ocelli with postero-lateral deep and small fovea (Fig. 15C); scapal basin deep and medially polished for a width of 1× MOD, laterally densely and finely punctate, each puncture bearing white seta; white pilosity covering face and malar spaces (Fig. 15B); malar space finely and densely punctate; frontal carina double, upper transverse frontal carina substraight, slightly curved downwards medially, downcurved to connect lower part laterally (Fig. 15B); lower carina toping scapal basin and weakly produced, compared to upper one; genal carina sharp, straight, fully developed from middle eye to mandibular insertion; subantennal space short, 0.6× MOD; apex of clypeus arcuate upward with narrow, dark brown rim. Clypeus sparsely micropunctate with white setae laterally. Distance between anterior ocellus and upper margin of frontal carina 1.2× MOD; distance between anterior ocellus and upper margin of scapal basin = 2.0× MOD. OOL 2.0× MOD; POL 2.1× MOD; MS 1.0× MOD; relative length of P:F1:F2:F3 = 1.0:1.0:0.7:1.2.

Mesosoma. Medial pronotal furrow deep, narrow, reaching half of pronotal length; pronotum with dense, deep and even punctures of medium size (0.5× MOD), with occasional small punctures between punctures; row of smaller punctures along posterior margin; punctation on mesoscutum and scutellum deep, with larger punctures (up to 0.8× MOD) postero-medially, spaced medially on mesoscutum, with polished interspaces (Fig. 15C); punctation on lateral areas of mesoscutum denser; notauli formed by deep, black, round, and small foveae, as large as half of larger punctures on mesonotum; parapsidal signum deep and distinct; punctures on scutellum denser with polished area along posterior margin; scutellar-metanotal suture deep, with large, irregular median fovea; posterior propodeal projections pointed, divergent, with lateral sides slightly concave; mesopleuron with episternal sulcus formed by large, irregular foveae, as large as two or three punctures and confluent with adjacent points (Fig. 15D).

Metasoma. Punctures on terga dense, deep and slightly smaller than those on metanotum, with dots on interspaces; punctures becoming smaller towards apical margin; longitudinal median carina weak and barely visible at base of second tergum (Fig. 15E); third tergum with small, deep pits of pit row; apical margin sinuous, with a lateral concavity before weak median indentation; margin bordered by narrow but distinct hyaline rim; black spots on second sternum relatively small, covering less than first half of sternum length; spots medially fused with posterior margin straight (Fig. 15F); genital capsule narrow, elongate, with simple gonostylus, digitate distally, not bifurcate (Fig. 16A).

Colouration. Body entirely emerald green including tegulae, legs, scape, pedicel, first and second flagellomere.

Vestiture. Setae whitish and long (at least 2× MOD) on head and mesosoma dorsally, on metasoma laterally; on femora; on tibia long and erect only on outer side.

Female. Unknown.

Etymology. The specific epithet edentata derives from the Latin adjective edentatus (toothless) and refers to the simple apical margin of the last metasomal tergum without teeth.

Distribution. *Iran (Kerman).

Chrysis equestris Dahlbom, 1854

Chrysis equestris Dahlbom, 1854:307. Holotype ♀; type locality unknown [most likely Sweden] (Stockholm) (smaragdula group).

Chrysis equestris: Rosa et al., 2013:20 (Golestan).

Distribution. Iran (Golestan). Euroasian, from Europe to Russian Far East (Rosa et al., 2013).

Chrysis erubescens Linsenmaier, 1997

Chrysis (Platycelia) erubescens Linsenmaier, 1997:283. Holotype ♀; Iran: Khuzestan, Haft Tapeh, 300 km N Abadan, Choca Zambil, 29.vi–1.vii.1965, leg. A. Mavromoustakis (Luzern) (ehrenbergi group).

Material examined. 3♂♂, 3♀♀, Golestan province: 70 km E of Minudasht, 37°15'36"N, 55°59'24"E, 1050m, 12.vi.2010, leg. Mi. Halada (MHC).

Distribution. Iran (Golestan, Khuzestan).

Figure 14. Chrysis echidna Semenov-Tian-Shanskij, 1967, female. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Mesosoma, lateral view; E. Metasoma, postero-lateral view; F. Metasoma, dorsal view.

Chrysis frivaldszkyi frivaldszkyi Mocsáry, 1882

Chrysis frivaldszkyi Mocsáry, 1882:52 [descr. in Hungarian], 84 [descr. in Latin]. Lectotype ♂ designated by Móczár, 1965:171; Hungary (Budapest) (succincta group).

Chrysis frivaldszkyi: Samin et al., 2014:122 (Khorasan, Semnan); Rosa, 2020:466 (Mazandaran).

Distribution. Iran (Fars, Khorasan, Semnan, and Mazandaran).

Figure 15. Chrysis edentata Rosa & Baiocchi, sp. nov., male, holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Mesosoma, dorsal view; D. Mesosoma, lateral view; E. Metasoma, postero-lateral view; F. Metasoma, ventral view.