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In this study, the effect of fructooligosaccharide as a prebiotic on the growth and density of lactobacillus in intestine of stellate (Acipenser stellatus) has been investigated. To do this, 90 individuals of stellate fingerlings (ten in each replications) were prepared with an average weight of 30.16 ± 0.14 gr from International Sturgeon Research Institute. This study was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications in fiberglass tanks with 2000 liters volume. They were fed with feed containing 0, 1 and 2 percents of fructooligosaccharide (Raftilos P95, Sigma Company). Results indicated that feed with one percent fructooligosaccharide had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on weight gain, SGR, FCR, FE, PER and HI. The number of colonies regarding to lactobacillus showed a significant increase compared to the control (in one percent fructooligosaccharide). Results indicated that fructooligosaccharide as a prebiotic (in level of one percent in feed) caused good growth capabilities and feed efficiency through increasing the density of lactobacillus in intestine.

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Separate or combined effects of inulin and mannan oligosaccharide supplements on the growth, survival, body composition and salinity resistance of kutum roach (Rutilus frisii kutum) fry (410 ± 19 mg)  were investigated for 45 days in 40-liter tanks containing 30 individuals. Fish were fed 7 to 12% body weight with a commercial diet (35% protein and 12% lipid) supplemented with 0 (control), 5 g kg^-1 inulin, 5 g kg^-1 MOS and 2.5 g kg^-1 inulin + 2.5 g kg^-1 MOS in a totally randomized design trial in triplicate.  A general enhanced growth performance and feed efficiency were observed in fish fed on diet containing 5 g kg^-1 MOS (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in survival rate among treatments (p>0.05). NO significant difference was observed in body composition, but protein and lipid contents in the whole body increased in fish fed with 5 g kg^-1 MOS and control group. In general, the fish fed 5 g kg^-1 MOS had the highest survival index after 48 hours exposed to salinity stress (15 ppt). Results showed 5 g kg^-1 MOS could improve growth performance, survival and salinity stress resistance of kutum fry.

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Comparative literature is an academic field dealing with the literature of two or more different linguistic, cultural or national groups. While most frequently practiced with the works of different languages, comparative literature may also be performed on the works of the same language, if the works originate from different nations or cultures among which that language is spoken. Also included in the range of inquiry is comparison of different types of art works; for example, a relationship of poetry to other poems. This article compares Nima’s Afsaneh and Alfred de Musset’s Les nuites. Some characteristics of Nima’s Afsaneh subscribe with Alfred de Musset’s Les nuites, and this article reviews the common characteristics of these two poems. 

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Five oppiid mite species (Oribatida: Oppiidae) belonging to three genera (Corynoppia, Ramusella and Rhinoppia) are reported as new records for the mite fauna of Iran. Some of their morphological features and distributions in the world are presented. A key to the subfamilies, genera and species of all Iranian oppiid mites is given.  

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Aims Fish is a potential source of vitamins and minerals and the cooking method an important role on the final content of nutrients in fish. The aim of this study was to the effects of different cooking methods on the heavy metals, fillet proximate composition and fatty acid composition of Roach (Rutilus rutilus) fillet.
Materials & Methods  Four cooking method such as deep frying, baking, steaming and microwave cooking were applied on fillet. Determination of the remaining heavy metals of the samples were carried out using atomic absorption.The proximate composition was assessed using the standard methods. To measure the composition of fatty acids, Gas-chromatography method (GC) was applied.
Findings The results showed that the all treated sample had significant decrease in moisture (frying) and ash (microwave) and significant increase in fat (frying) and protein (baking). The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), ω-3 fatty acids  as well as EPA/DHA content increased in baked samples in comparison to raw fish fillets and other coocked, although there were no significant was observed. The frying process caused a significant increase in lead concentration content. While, the steaming significantly decreased cadmium and lead heavy metals concentration in comparison to raw fish fillets and other cooked.
Conclusion Considering the increasing of PUFA and ω-3/ω-6 ratio in baked-cooked and losses of heavy metals in steamed, the baking and steaming are the best cooking method for a healthy consumption of Roach.

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The oribatid mite of the family Oppiidae, Graptoppia (Stenoppia) italica (Bernini, 1973) (syn.: Oppia heterotricha Bernini, 1969) is redescribed based on females collected from soil in Sistan-o Baluchestan (Southeastern Iran) and South Khorasan (Central-Eastern Iran) provinces. Detailed descriptions of the gnathosoma and legs are also provided for the first time. The original description does not reflect the characters of the pubescence of the setae (cilia), characters on the lateral side of the ano-adanal region, as well as the true length of anal and adanal setae. Through the new finding of Graptoppia italica in Iran, the number of Oribatids in the family Opiidae raised to 81 species.

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During 1999-2002, in the course of a faunistic survey of oribatid mites of Iran, twelve species of higher or brachypyline oribatid mites (Brachypylina) belonging to eleven gen-era and seven families from various localities of Iran were collected: Aleurodamaeus* se-tosus (Aleurodamaeidae*); Licnobelba* alestensis (Licnobelbidae*); Licnodamaeus fissu-ratus, L. pulcherrimus (Licnodamaeidae); Damaeus* sp., Subbelba* sp., Belba* cf. minuta (Damaeidae); Damaeolus* cf. ornatissimus, Fosseremus quadripertitus (Damaeolidae); Ber-lesezetes aegypticus (Microzetidae); Galumna tarsipennata, Pilogalumna boevi (Galumni-dae). All the species, six genera and two families, that are the first recorded from Iran are marked by an asterisk.

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Backgrounds: The primary goal of this study was to identify the potential association between COVID-19 prognosis and demographic and clinical features, underlying diseases, and drug and supplement use in patients admitted to Amir al-Momenin hospital in Zabol.

Materials & Methods: This retrospective study surveyed the electronic health records of 848 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in a tertiary referral hospital in southeastern Iran from the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak until the end of February 2021. Univariate and multiple analytical tests including unconditional and penalized logistic regressions were used for statistical analysis.

Findings: Out of a total of 848 patients, 371 (43.75%) patients were female, and 477 (56.25%) patients were male. Age, underlying pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, and loss of consciousness predicted a higher mortality rate. On the contrary, a negative chest X-ray was associated with a lower risk of death.

Conclusion: Identifying predisposing factors of mortality in COVID-19 patients will help physicians provide more intensive care to those at higher risk of death by classifying patients based on risk factors and underlying diseases.

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To study the fauna of oribatid mites (Oribatida) in Sistan & Baluchestan province (southeastern Iran), soil and leaf litter samples were collected in Saravan and Gulshan counties from March to September 2021. In total, 40 species belonging to 30 genera from 18 families were collected and identified, among them genera Hoplophorella, Javacarus, subgenera Leptogalumna, Paralamellobates, and seven species, Acrotritia rustica Niedbała, 1991, Hoplophorella vitrina (Berlese, 1913), Javacarus foliatus Hammer, 1972, Lamellobates misella (Berlese, 1910), Rostrozetes ovulum ovulum (Berlese, 1908), Striatoppia cf. quadrilineata Hammer, 1982, and Scheloribates praelineatus Hammer, 1977 are newly recorded for the fauna of Iran.

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This study was carried out to determine the fauna of oribatid mites (Oribatida) in Hormozgan province (southern Iran). Berlese funnel was used to obtain specimens from soil and leaf litter samples in various habitats in the province during the months of February to October 2021. Forty-three species belonging to 30 genera from 20 families of oribatid mites were collected from Bandar Abbas, Minab, Rudan and Hajiabad counties and identified. The species Javacarus (J.) porosus Hammer, 1979, Hoplophorella (H.) hamata (Ewing, 1909) and Lamellobates (L.) molecula molecula (Berlese, 1916) are recorded for the first time from Iran.

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Data was collected from 45 monthly samples at three vegetation layers spanning from 1950 to 2500 meters above sea level in the Arjan Plain Biosphere Reserve, Fars Province, Iran. A total of 12,648 individuals were collected, leading to the identification of 89 species of oribatid mites from 39 families and 53 genera The data for the Shannon diversity index was analyzed using the permutation one-way analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) to understand the distribution of mites across the elevation gradients. Significant variations were observed in the distribution of oribatid mites at different elevational strata. Layer 2 exhibited the highest species richness and total abundance of oribatid mites, with 67 species and 6162 individuals, followed by layer 3 with 62 species and 4359 individuals, and layer 1 harbouring 59 species and 2140 individuals. Dominant species included Jacotella frondeus (Kulijev) and Oribatula pallida Banks in layer 1, Pilogalumna tenuiclava (Berlese), Aleurodamaeus sp.3, and J. frondeus in Layer 2, and Aleurodamaeus sp.3 and J. frondeus in layer 3. The Shannon index also revealed that species diversity of oribatid mites significantly increased with elevation increase. Furthermore, the analysis indicated a notable seasonal effect on oribatid mite biodiversity, demonstrating the lowest species richness and abundance observed in July and September.

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Using productivity index for investigating a firms’ performance makes it possible to evaluate efficiency of the production system and cost at the same time. In this study the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of several sugar cane varieties in Imam Khomeini Cultivation and Processing Center in Khuzestan Province is compared. Two hundred and forty eight farms are categorized on the basis of variety years old and then Tornqvist-Tiel Productivity Index is employed for calculating TFP for each sugar cane farm. The investigated sugar cane varieties include CP57-614, CP69-1062 and CP48-103. Results revealed that year long utilization system gained the lowest TFP among utilization systems in all the mentioned varieties. The most suitable utilization system according to the TFP index is biennial for CP57-614 variety, triennial for CP69-1062 and five years for the CP48-103 variety. Triennial CP57-614 variety has the most partial productivity in fertilizer. On the other hand, the six year long plant of the forgoing variety exhibits the largest partial productivity in water. The largest partial productivity in machinery is shown in biennial CP69-1062 variety. Among these varieties, triennial CP48-103 one has the largest partial productivity per unit area cultivation.

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Aims: Studying design regulations to eliminate contradictions and deficiencies is a dynamic and important research topic in most parts of the world. There is no doubt about the necessity of regulations, but the question is how to design regulations that does not lead to decrease in quality and tension in design process. The aim of research is to find roots of the reducing function of national regulations, focusing on the fourth issue, in fading design concepts in construction sector.

Methods: The research is conducted analytically, based on content analysis and logical reasoning of library resources, and the research framework is determined through interviews with selected experts.

Findings: National regulations are prescriptive, that determining solutions, inflexibility, and standardization is their most significant characteristics. Reducing design issues, substituting skills with knowledge, relieving design responsibility through reliance on standards, setting minimums as objectives, and eliminating incentives for creativity and innovation are the main reasons for the diming function of national regulations in the design and construction sector.

Conclusion: The structure and content of regulations make changes in designers' methods and work. The prescriptive approach, with its particular characteristics, is not suitable for formulating architectural design regulations and requires regulations that do not compel designers to think in specific paths. The centralization of standards has limited design issues and, by reducing the level of design to that of technicians, has obscured the roles of innovative designers and design concepts, creating a platform for non-specialists to enter the design and construction domain.

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To prove crimes punishable by Had through confession, Islamic criminal justice has set particular qualification, some of which such as puberty and wisdom refer to the confessor while some others refer to the confession itself. Most important qualifications, which monitor confession’s quality, is its quorum. In this context, confessor’s confessions do not reach the valid quorum. In such circumstances, we are faced with incomplete confession, which its verdict is the topic of current paper. There is no doubt about the verdict of these cases with respect to instability of Had penalty, which is derived from incomplete confession. But the question is whether, in such cases, confessor’s Taazir is canceled or not? In this regard, there is no consensus among the legislators. Most of legislators have passed a sentence of Taazir on the confessor but some of them have opposed it. In our country’s jurisprudence, the legislator of the Islamic punishment has protested the incomplete confession, which is derived from not reaching the valid quorum, and has followed the dominant point of view. In the current paper, we brought up legislators’ statements about this issue and studied their evidence with more discussion. We have also paid attention to the position of our country’s criminal law toward this issue.

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Web openings may be provided in structural floor beams for different purposes. The corner radii of web openings can have a significant effect on stress and strain concentrations around the opening. AISC's design guide for steel and composite beams with web openings states that web openings are not recommended for members subjected to significant high cycle-low stress or low cycle-high stress fatigue loading even if a rational corner radii is provided for web openings. This is because, at the time the specification was written, there were only limited references available to the committee which indicates the need for further studies in this field. In this paper, effect of opening corner radii on cyclic behavior of steel moment connections with Reduced Web Beam Section (RWBS) is investigated using finite element analysis. For this purpose, a T-shaped moment connection (without web opening) which has been tested under cyclic loading by another author is used as the reference model. To see effect of opening corner radii, the reference model is considered with square and rectangular web openings of different corner radii. Fracture initiation in models is simulated using Cyclic Void Growth Model (CVGM) which is based on micro-void growth and coalescence. According to this model, fracture under cyclic loading is predicted to occur when the void size exceeds the critical value. Based on the results, for both square and rectangular openings the maximum equivalent plastic strain and fracture index at the opening corners will decrease as the opening corner radii increase. For openings with small corner radii the fracture index at corners will be very high. This is in accordance with recommendation of ASCE 23-97 which indicates that these configurations should not be used in real practice. However, it should be noticed that in the case of rectangular opening the damage index at the corners may be greater than unity even if ASCE 23-97 limitations are met. This means that if it is intended to achieve high rotation capacity at RWBS connections, ASCE 23-97 requirement about minimum corner radii may be non-conservative. As another result, as the opening corner radii increase local buckling around the web opening occurs at higher rotations. In addition to the local effects, the choice of opening corner radii can also affect the global behavior of RWBS connections. In the case of rectangular perforation, as the opening corner radii increase the load carrying and rotation capacity of connection increase too. This is because in these models, the weakening area prevents welds from failure and fracture occurs in the opening corners. As a result, as the opening corner radii increase the fracture index at opening corners decreases and hence the connection can undergo higher rotation capacities. This is not true for square perforation where fracture occurs at connection welds and the connection rotation capacity makes no change as the opening corner radii increase. As a general recommendation it can be said that web openings with the largest corner radii (elongated circular holes) is the best case for perforated steel connections.

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Network Control Systems (NCS) arise in many real-world applications and they have been an active area over recent decades. Using NCSs instead of traditional controllers has led to significant decrease in costs, weight and power of installations, also increase in reliability of control systems. Despite these advantages, NCSs confront various challenges, such as time varying delays and data packet dropouts in control data transfer which leads to instability. In this paper, the stability analysis and stabilizing with state feedback are studied for NCSs which includes time varying delays in state equations. This goal is achieved by introducing a new functional and using the Lyapunov-Krasovskii approach. Then, an accurate estimation of derivative of functional is obtained by applying Wirtinger and Reciprocally convex combination inequalities. In the proposed method, a stability criterion is derived with less conservatism and complexity. Afterwards, the problem of controller design is examined in which the state feedback controller is designed based on stability criterion. Finally, the dynamic model of the satellite as an examples is used to demonstrate the advantages of proposed method which illustrates our proposed method has desirable influence in decreasing conservatism of results and leading to better performance.

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The Presence of defects in the compressive structural members may reduce their load-carrying capacity to a large extent. These defects may be in the form of cracks, corrosion, perforation, or dents existing on the smooth surface of the member. In most cases, the impact of an external object is the main cause of these damages. For example, tubular sections of offshore platforms which are mostly under axial loads, may be damaged with the collision of supply vessels. Similarly, the columns of bridges and buildings, may be hit by heavy moving vehicles. The Existence of the mentioned defects in compressive members with circular cross-sections may cause premature failure of these structural elements due to local buckling followed by the memberchr('39')s overall instability. Hence, the effect of these damages on the buckling strength of tubular columns, and the effect of different influencing parameters should be studied in depth. This study presents a parametric investigation on the axial load-carrying capacity of cylindrical columns damaged by a spherical indenter. For this purpose, the numerical models were generated in general purpose finite element software "Abaqus" and verified against results of two axial compression tests on intact and damaged thin-walled cylinders. The studied parameters included depth of the damage, shell slenderness ratio, location of the damage, length of the axial member, and radius of the indenter object. The analysis results showed that, the depth of the damage, shell slenderness ratio, and the damage location were the parameters affecting the buckling capacity of the damaged cylinders under axial load. The increase in damage depth or shell slenderness ratio decreased the buckling load of the member. On the contrary, the buckled shape of the members with different damage depth values or shell slenderness ratios was almost identical. The post-buckling behavior of the studied specimens was affected by the shell slenderness ratio, the damage location, and the length of the compressive member. As the shell slenderness ratio or length of the member increased, the member strength in the post-buckling range experienced more rapid reduction. Also, as the damage became closer to the one of supporting ends, the buckling ring at the farther support vanished while the buckling ring at the closer support became more critical, resulting in an increased strength reduction. The radius of the indenter object had a negligible effect on the buckling capacity and post-buckling behavior of the specimens. For samples with the same damage depth and different radius of the indenter object, the damage profile difference was very small. This small difference vanished during the buckling process, and the final deformation profile for the samples became almost identical. Finally, a regression analysis was conducted on the results of analyses considering the effect of different parameters, and two predictive equations were proposed to determine the buckling and residual capacity of the studied members as functions of influencing parameters. The evaluations performed to estimate the accuracy of the proposed equations showed that they have good accuracy and provide reliable predictions for design re-checking of damaged cylindrical members subjected to axial compression.

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Conflict of interest, which is related to the conflict between public duties and private interests of officials of public institutions, is one of the most important areas of corruption in the structure of the administrative system that may lead people to abuse their position and prefer private interests over Lead public interests; Therefore, designing a comprehensive criminal policy to manage this situation is necessary. The success of managing such a situation depends on focusing on effective measures to prevent its occurrence. Considering the importance of comparative studies in the present study, we have sought to answer the question with a descriptive-analytical method of what approach the countries of the Persian Gulf region have taken towards managing the interests of conflict and preventing corruption. The research findings show that Iran, Bahrain and Qatar have not been able to manage this issue specifically and independently through legislation. On the other hand, other countries have tried to prevent corruption caused by such a situation by formulating legislative criminal policy, which is done both through social prevention measures, especially in the form of ethical codes, and through situational prevention measures such as Depriving persons of public office or deprivation of private interest, the obligation to abstinence from interfering in a matter in which they have a personal stake, and the disclosure of private interests which, by controlling the conflict of interest situation, prevent individuals from abusing.