Mahmood Mehrafrooz Mayvan, Dilian Georgiev, Ľubomír Kováč,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
In this study, the psocids (Psocodea: 'Psocoptera') from caves and other ecosystems in Northeastern Iran were investigated during the years 2022 and 2024. Among them, Psyllipsocus ramburii Selys-Longchamps, 1872, and Lepinotus inquilinus Heyden, 1850, are new to the Iranian fauna. Additionally, all species identified in this study are newly recorded in North Khorasan and Khorasan-e Razavi provinces. Notably, this is the first report of Psocoptera from caves in Iran. In addition, we have compiled a list of psocid species of Iran based on the available literature until October 2024. A total of 22 species, belonging to 11 genera and 8 families of psocids have been reported from Iran. We made a brief analysis of the systematic, zoogeographical and ecological assignment of Iranian Procoptera. The suborder Troctomorpha, with 2 genera and 11 species, has the highest species count. From nine families recorded, the family Liposcelididae dominates, accounting for 11 species, or 50% of the total. The study includes bibliographical references and information on the global distribution of these species.
Volume 21, Issue 5 (9-2019)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the immunostimulant Immunobeta® on egg production and oxidative stress parameters, influenced by the environmental conditions in free range laying hens. A total of 81 laying hens and 9 cocks (Tetra Super Harco) were divided into three groups: group 1 (control) without supplementation; group 2 with 0.2%, and group 3 with 0.4% Immunobeta® as a dietary supplement. The laying period (19-55 weeks of age) was divided into three sub-periods depending on the ambient temperature – cold (from November to March 2015, from 19 to 37 weeks of age), thermoneutral (April and May 2016, from 38 to 46 weeks of age) and hot period (June and July 2016, from 47 to 55 weeks of age). Immunobeta® supplementation dose dependently improved the average egg production and mean egg weight, and in 0.4% dose treatment significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio for the entire laying period. Immunobeta® supplementation influenced the blood oxidative stress parameters, decreasing significantly the lipid peroxidation level during the cold period, increasing the glutathione level in hens supplemented with 0.4% dose in all periods, regulating the catalase activity during the hot period, and increasing glutathione peroxidase activity during the thermoneutral and hot periods. In conclusion, addition of Immunobeta® to the diet reduced the oxidative stress induced by thermal stress and enhanced the performance of free range laying hens.
