Showing 32 results for Pourhaji
Volume 1, Issue 1 (2-2016)
Abstract
Background: Although Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) rarely threatens the humans’ lives, those individuals suffering from such pain experience a variety of health-related problems and difficulties such as physical disability. This study aimed to determine the relationship between low back pain and physical disability among nurses working in Pastor Hospital of Bam, Kerman, Iran.
Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among nurses and paramedics who suffering from chronic low back pain and working in Pastor Hospital in Agu, 2015. Through randomly sampling, 120 eligible individuals were recruited of which 104 individuals were satisfied to enter to the study. The standard tools of Owsestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analog Scale (Vas) as well as demographic questionnaire were used to collect data. The SPSS software, version 18 was used to analyze the data.
Results: In all, 104 participants with mean age of 34.7 ± 8.9 were assessed. The majority of the participants (N = 90, 86.5%) were female. There were significant association between functional disability and low back pain intensity (P < 0.001). Furthermore, Pearson correlation showed that there were significant positive relationship between duration of back pain and disability (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the chronic low back pains among nurses were related to their disability. Therefore, it seems to improving low back pain among this target group can be an effective step to improve their physical function in their workplaces.
Volume 1, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent one of the most common occupational health education problems in both developed and developing countries. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of an occupational ergonomic training educational programon awareness, attitude and work-related musculoskeletal disorders behavior among Office Workers.
Methods and Materials: Firstly,200 office workers from 12 health centerswere recruited. Withresponse rate of 90%, 180 eligible participants, were assigned to receive an 8-week participatory ergonomic occupational training educational program available in Shemiranat, Tehran, Iran. A self-controlled longitudinal study with pre/post design was used to evaluate the effects of the intervention among office workers in 2015-2016. Post-test was then administered to the participants to identify changes at 3 months after intervention.
Results: Totally, 200 participants with a mean age of 37.48 ± 8.78 years old completed this study. The 3-month follow-up rate was 90%. After the intervention, the awareness rate, attitude and MSDs work-related health behaviors were improved. The self-reported prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders for neck, shoulder, upper and lower back pain or discomfort were significantly lower than before intervention (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: The MSDs work related behaviors as well as MSDs prevalence can be improved through the health education program. It is recommended that further research with larger sample and longer follow up be conducted to confirm the findings of this study.
Volume 1, Issue 3 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background: The concept of self efficacy and physical self-concept have been shown to be an effective predictor of behavior in many areas of health. This study investigated the relationships between foot-care self-efficacy beliefs, Physical self-concept, self-reported foot-care behavior in people with diabetes.
Methods and Material: This is a cross sectional study in which the 90 diabetic individuals who had been admitted to the diabetic clinic of health centers located in Mashhad- Iran between the years 2015 and 2016 was invited to be entered into the study. The demographic questionnaire and the self-report "Foot Care Confidence Scale" (FCCS) questionnaire and also the self-report Marsh “Physical Self-Description Questionnaire” (PSDQ) were applied to measure data. SPSS 20.0 was used for the analyses.
Results: Ninety patients with a mean age of 51.82 ± 11.3 years were assessed. There is the significant association between foot-care self-efficacy beliefs and higher foot care behavior. (r = 0.4, P < 0.05). Also, there was a significant association between physical self-concept and foot-care, so that people who had a better physical self-concept had better foot care behavior.
Conclusions: This study has found that foot-care self-efficacy beliefs and physical self-concept improvement could help foot-care behavior improvement among diabetic people.
Volume 1, Issue 4 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background: In addition to individual problems and conditions, low back pain reduces working capacity, resulting in the waste of time and absence from the work, and increases healthcare costs and economic losses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of low back pain and its relationship to demographic factors, body mass index, and education in ergonomic principles in rural men.
Methods and Materials: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Study population was consisted of 215 men from the village of AqQala city. Data collection tool was Nordic questionnaire. Data were analysis using SPSS software version 19 and chi-square test and descriptive statistics.
Results: About 54.88% of the patients (67.82% workers and 40% farmers) during the last year have been experiencing discomfort in the lower back. χ2 statistics analysis showed a significant relationship between low back pain and occupation, BMI, age, and education in ergonomic principles (P˂.05). There was no relationship between low back pain and level of education (P = .085). Only 13% of the participants were trained in ergonomic principles.
Conclusions: Considering the high prevalence rate of low back pain as well as significant relationship between BMI and education in ergonomic principles with back pain, the need is felt for training of these people in how to lose weight, how to implement ergonomic principles in laboringand agricultural activities and carrying heavy objects, how to avoid bad work situations, how to maintain and care for the waist, how to perform simple exercises for strengthening and flexibility of lower back muscles.
Alireza Pourhaji, Hossein Lotfalizadeh, Reza Farshbaf-Pourabad, Babak Gharali, Abbas Mohammadi-Khoramabadi,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
This study was conducted to collect and identify ichneumonid parasitoids of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) feeding on the plants of the family Asteraceae in the northwest of Iran during 2013-2015. Five species of ichneumon wasps on five species of fruit flies were reared. They were as follows: Cremastus lineatus on Urophora terebrans; Diadegma maculatum on Hypenidium robrowskii; Scambus brevicornis on Sphenella marginata, Scambus rufator on Terellia gynacochroma and Urophora sp. and Tranosema sp. on Tephritis sp. dioscurea group. Of them, Cremastus lineatus, S. rufator and Tranosema sp. are new records for ichneumonid fauna of Iran. All host-parasitoid-plant associations were newly established to the science. General distribution of these parasitoids and their biological associations were discussed.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background: In today's world, Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) with high prevalence in work settings are one of the most important occupational health issues. In addition, MSDs cause personal distress, decreased working capacity, and waste of time, work absenteeism, increased health care costs and economic losses. This study aimed to compare the prevalence rate of MSDs and their associated factors among farmers and workers in Agh Ghala.
Methods and Materials: This study was a cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 300 patients (150 farmers and 150 workers) who were selected from Agh Ghala city in Golestan province. The data collection instrument was Nordic questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test in SPSS software version.
Results: In this study, about 72% of the farmers (N = 108) and 83.33% of the workers (N = 125) were suffering from MSDs during the preceding year. The most common disorders were Lower Back Pain (LBP) 36.7% (N = 55) and 55.3% (N = 83) in farmers and workers respectively, followed by knee pain 25.3% (N = 38) and 36.7% (N = 57) in farmers and workers respectively. The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the MSDs and age, level of education, and training in ergonomic principles (P <.05). The finding suggested that there was no significant relationship between MSDs and Body Mass Index (BMI) in both groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Regarding the high prevalence rate of MSDs, it is necessary to organize training courses about professional ergonomic interventions in order to raise farmers' and workers' awareness and skills. These programs can be used to improve the health behsubsequentubsequently healthworkers, duefarmers and workers due to preventing from the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders.
Volume 3, Issue 2 (Spring 2018)
Abstract
Aims: one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders among farmers is low back pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of corrective exercise training on low back pain disorder among farmers.
Materials and Methods: This research is a semi-experimental study that was conducted on farmers in Aq-Qala, Golestan Province, Iran in 2017. The statistical population of this study was all farmers in the central part of the city of Aq-Qala. The sample consisted of 100 farmers in the central city of Agh-Ghala were randomly divided into two groups, intervention (n=50) and control (n=50) groups. The instrument of research was Nordic questionnaire. The intervention group participated in an 8-session sports training program. Chi-square and McNemar tests were used and the collected data were analyzed by SPSS 18.
Findings: The prevalence of back pain among farmers in both intervention and control groups was 56% and 60%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the percentage of low back pain in the intervention group before and after the training of corrective exercise training (p=0.001). This difference was not significant in the control group (p=0.879). The intervention in the intervention group reduced the back pain by 24%.
Conclusion: Intervention of corrective exercise training can reduce the prevalence of low back pain among farmers.
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Autumn 2018)
Abstract
Aims: Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent and costly health problems world wide.this protocol study aims to develop and evaluate an interactive video film intervention in order to reduce LBP.
Instruments & Methods: In this randomized controlled trial study 80 referees to health centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SHBUMS) will be selected according to inclusion/exclusion criteria and divided into two groups of intervention
and control. The video film will be just shown for intervention group. Data will be collected through a self-designed questionnaire regarding Physical Activity (PA) behavior, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for measuring pain severity, Rowland Maurice’s Questionnaire (RMQ) for assessing disability and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Inventory (HADS) for anxiety and depression measurement. Date will be measured at two times of pre and post intervention in both groups and analyzed through descriptive and statistical tests.
Conclusions: The study may provide a fairly less expensive, assessable, and powerful alternative intervention for individuals suffering from LBP and related disability.
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Autumn 2018)
Abstract
Work-related Musculoskeletal pain has, therefore, significant health and socio-economic effects[1].In many countries, Physical Inactivity PIA is one of the main causes of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) such as Occupational Musculoskeletal Diseases (OMSDs)[2]. Worldwide, OMSDs continue to be the leading cause of work-related disabilities’.
Those are caused by various types of work-related diseases[3]. The office employees are at risk for physical inactivity (PIA) 2-3, they usually suffer from nonfatal occupational injuries, illnesses and Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). It has been argued that office employees are exposed to dangerous of MSDs without receiving necessary cares that in turn leading to increased OMSDs especially in developing and underdeveloped countries[4]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the great majority of workplace unhealthy posture
are preventable and prevention is the key item that should be addressed to decrease OMSDs[5]. In other hand, OSHA suggested that ergonomic programs are essential for health improvement of health care workers. Ergonomic interventions could assist to reduce MSDs[6]. Given the importance of OMSDs that companied by bio psycho social complications , multifaceted and multidimensional educational packages are much more likely to beeffective than any other monodisciplinary particular intervention[5]. even though public health experts in different countries showed that occupational health (OH) practice can vary amongst different nations[7]. The competencies required of OMSDs practitioners have been the subject of peer-reviewed research in different countries around the world[8].
Significantly reducing the unhealthy behaviors regarding is not easy, also it may not be easy, and it is going to not occur and manifest overnight, but progress is truly viable. Therefore, let us, in our respective areas of obligation, set clear occupational safety and health goals, set up a road map and maximum seriously, act and persevere, so that, together, we succeed in turning the behaviors that is outbreak and make good educational progress on this dimension of these challenges of Health[9].
Office employers could engage with proper interventions to promote healthy behavior. Education in ergonomic concepts with Low Back Pain (LBP), show that observing ergonomic principles may decrease the incidence of LBP in office employers[10].
However, an interventional approach was needed to develop intervention strategies that are specifically designed for office employers [11]. This method entailed accomplishing systematic literature search and semi-based interviews with workplace employers. Based on these semi-structured interviews, an assessment of the need for a logical model to help for identifying behavioral influencing factors for OMSDs[12]. The environmental factors that may contribute to OMSDs among health worker may cause disability and static work that could highlight social needs and norms in the workplace.
According to previous studies, personal characteristics such as knowledge and skills regarding ergonomic principals and low motivation for healthy workplace improvement could affection health workers’ behaviors. In addition to individual determinants affecting the environment of health workers, personal norms that were taken from the social environment and sources like time and money are needed to decrease OMSDs[13-15].
Volume 4, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Aim: Decades named preventing injuries decade. The most sensitive and vulnerable persons against diseases and accident, especially accidental falls are children. This study aimed to determine the application of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) in predicting preventive behaviors from children's accidental falls (AFs) in mothers with children less than 3 years old referred to the health centers of Mashhad City.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 140 mothers who were selected from the health centers of Mashhad City according to the inclusion criteria of the study and by cluster and systematic sampling. The instruments for data collection were valid and reliable questionnaires of demographic information, a self-administered questionnaire that is assumed to examine the structures of PMT and preventive behaviors from CAFs and were analyzed with SPSS 20. Pearson & Spearman, one way ANOVA correlation coefficient and linear regression were applied together to analyze the data.
Findings: The mean age of the subjects was 27.42+5.07 years. The results also showed that there were statistically significant relationships between the perceived susceptibility and protection motivation and preventive behaviors from CAFs (P<0.001). Based on regression analysis, preventive behaviors from CAFs using the structures of protection motivation was generally 66%.
Conclusion: The results showed that the mother‟s sensitivity and knowledge about preventive behaviors from CAFs were low. The findings of this study can be useful for designing educational interventions for prevention of CAFs by health authorities.
Alireza Pourhaji, Hossein Lotfalizadeh, Reza Farshbaf-Pourabad, Babak Gharali,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2018)
Abstract
Israelius carthami Richards, 1952 was recorded for the first time from Iran, based on reared specimens from three Asteraceae capitulum: Cirsium congestum Fisch. & C.A.Mey., Carthamus lanatus L. and Xeranthemums quarrosum Boiss. In our rearing, a fruit fly species [Terellia nigripalpis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae)] was obtained on C. congestum. All host-plant associations are newly established to the science. General distribution of this parasitoid and their biological associations were discussed.
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Winter 2019)
Abstract
Aims: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are of concern in health problem with highest prevalence and are one of the causes of occupational disability in Medical care professions (MCPs). This study aimed to describe the rate of MSDs among MCPs who working in Lorestan hospitals, Iran.
Instruments & Methods: Using a convenience sampling in this descriptive study, 100 MCPs from two hospitals of Azna and Aligodarz of Lorestan province were selected. Data collected through a demographic questionnaire by which the questions regarding different MSDs were asked. Date were entered into SPSS 21 and analysed using descriptive analysis.
Findings: Totally, 100 MCPs took part in the study and responded to the questions (responded rate 100%). Back pain and neck pain were the most common area of participants’ complains respectively. Eighty seven participants (88%) of the MCPs stated they did not follow any pain treatment or pain management. Furthermore, the majority of the participants (N=64, 64%) of the participants believed that stress has not significant associate with their pain. However, thirty six participants (36%) stated that their pain has been worsening with increased stress.
Conclusions: This study revealed that the majority of the studied MCPs suffered from a kind if MSDs without any pain treatment/ management work up. Therefore, dong more studied to confirm these results in this special target group working in these hospitals and to explore the causes of pain is strongly recommended.
Volume 4, Issue 2 (Spring 2019)
Abstract
Aberrant subclavian artery is a rare anomaly among all anomalies related to aortic arch. In some cases kind of aneurysm named Kommerell diverticulum, originated from right subclavian artery and left aortic arch and the opposite, left subclavian artery association with right aortic arch [1]. Right Aortic Arch(RAA) is a rare congenital anomaly with 0.5 to 1% of normal population. Almost half of the Cases associated with left aberrant subclavian artery and in some, aneurysmal changes in the origin of the artery is inevitable [2]. RAA is categorized in three groups : 1.RAA with left aberrant Subclavian artery2.RAA in mirror type.2.RAA with isolated LSA, which RAA with ILSA is a most rare by 0.8 % prevalence [3]. Left aberrant subclavian artery (LASA) is an anatomical variant of right aortic arch which is actually dispart from the RAA as a last branch and usually pass behind esophagus to the left upper limb. However, RASA associated with LAA is more common (0.5_2% of population) the LASA originated from RAA(0.05_0.1) [4]. Kommerells diverticulum or KD, is defined as a aneurysmal form of ASA or descending aorta in proximal part [5] .KD is a rare condition usually accompany RASA more than LASA [6, 7]. Up to now, few cases has reported. Burckhard F Kommerell was the first one who introduced kommerell in 1936 [8]. Anomalies of aortic arch not necessary influence health condition in childhood and some become symptomatic in adolescence [9]. These aneurysms could be strong threatening for some circumstances like dissection, rupture, emboli to distal parts, compression to adjacent or organs [1].
Volume 4, Issue 3 (8-2016)
Abstract
Breast cancer prevention and control efforts serve as priorities in Iran, as breast cancer is, the common leading cause of death women in the country. It seems effective communication can play important role in increasing Breast cancer screening. On the other hand, health literacy is increasing recognized as a critical factor affecting communication across the continuum of breast cancer screening behavior. A goal outlined in healthy people 2020 call for improving health literacy by the use of health communication (1, 2). Health literacy is the capacity to obtain, process, and understand breast cancer information and services needed to make appropriate health care decisions (3).
Women with poor health literacy have a complex set of problems with written and oral communication that may their understanding of breast cancer screening and of symptoms of breast cancer, adversely affecting their stage at early diagnosis (4). In addition, these barriers destroy communication and discussion about the risks and benefits of prevention and treatment options, and women understanding of informed consent for routine procedures and clinical trials, more research is required to identify successful methods for educating and communicating with women who have limited and low health literacy. Individuals with low health literacy may be limited in their ability to access and navigate the breast cancer care system, make appropriate health decisions, and practice on health care information understanding the factors that contribute to miscommunication is important in solving the difficulties included by low health literacy.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (Fall 2019)
Abstract
poor sitting posture and prolonged sitting have, therefore, significant health and socio-economic effects[. People spend on average more than half of their day sitting down. The ill-effects of poor sitting posture and prolonged sitting on physical and mental health have been extensively studied, and solutions for curbing this sedentary epidemic have received special attention in recent years
Volume 5, Issue 3 (9-2017)
Abstract
Aim: Aging is a process that involves all living creatures, including human beings. Statistical indicators show that the aging trend is progressing in Iran, too. The volunteer women cooperating with the urban areas’ health system (called Healthy Volunteers) are amongst the pioneers and symbols of health care social participation.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 86 elderly members of the healthy volunteer group of health centers. Data collection instruments consisted of demographic information and LEIPAD questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS18 and descriptive and analytic statistics.
Findings: The mean age of the participants was 64±4.007 years. The mean total score of QOL was 72.7±11.32. The mean score of the seven dimensions of QOL was as follows: physical function (71.5%), self-care (92.4%), social function (76.7%), anxiety and depression (82.8%), life satisfaction (67.9%), sexual function (71.5%) and cognitive function (78.9%). There was no significant relationship between QOL the variables such as age, educational level, marital status and number of family members (P>0.05). However, the relationship between QOL and the duration of elderly cooperation was significant (r=0.23, P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that the quality of life in healthy volunteers was moderate. Therefore, health volunteers as elderly persons are role models and can take effective steps in the transfer of health information in the community.
Volume 6, Issue 4 (Fall 2021)
Abstract
A novel strain of coronavirus was discovered in Wuhan, the capital of the hubei province of China in December 2019.
Alireza Pourhaji, Hossein Lotfalizadeh, Masoud Taghizadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (6-2021)
Abstract
We present two new distribution records which add information about the presence of Pseudotorymus ispirlii Doğanlar and P. pulchellus Masi (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Torymidae) in the northwest of Iran. Based on present records, both species were found for second times after type localities.
Volume 7, Issue 3 (Summer 2019)
Abstract
This article has not abstract
Volume 7, Issue 3 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
