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During a comprehensive survey of the heterostigmatic mites associated with dung beetles in the hyrcanian forests, northern Iran, several colonies of the pygmephoroid mites including four species of the genus Spatulaphorus Rack, 1993, S. copridis Khaustov, 2007, S. gorganica Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar, 2011, S. vladimiri Khaustov, 2005 and S. geotruporum Khaustov, 2005 phoretic on Geotrupes spiniger (Marsham, 1802) were found. This is the first record of S. geotruporum from Asia. Furthermore, this is the first record of phoresy of S. geotruporum on G. spiniger.

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Following a short-term faunistic study on soil inhabiting heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Heterostigmata), during spring-winter 2019, in Gorgan, Golestan Province, northern Iran, a total of six species from five genera of two families were identified. Among them Promicrodispus pumilis (Sevastianov, 1975) and Premicrodispus montanus Khaustov, 2006 are new records for mite fauna of Iran. The genus Promicrodispus Khaustov, 2017 is recorded for the first time for the mite fauna of Iran. Moreover, Pre. akermanae (Sevastianov & Al Douri, 1988), Paramicrodispus scarabidophilus Hajiqanbar & Rahiminejad, 2012, Pygmodispus (Allodispus) latisternus Paoli, 1911 and Scutacarus sphaeroideus Karafiati, 1959 were collected from soil in the sampling sites. The world distribution of the mites is reviewed.

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Gorgan, is a city in northern Iran where its moderate and humid climate and fertile soil provides an appropriate condition for various arthropods and crops. Although, species diversity is relatively lower in agricultural systems than pristine ecosystems, several soil mite populations are successfully adapted to both tilled and untilled lands. Following a faunistic study of heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Heterostigmatina) in dry rice cultivations in some areas of Gorgan, eight species from six genera of five families were collected and identified. For the first time we report six species for Iranian arthropod fauna as well as several new host associations. Finally, we reviewed the world distribution of the recovered mites and further provided a key to Heterostigmatina of dry rice cultivations in Gorgan city.

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Metal foams as a new class of materials with interesting properties such as high stiffness and strength to density ratios, capacity to absorb impact energy, and reproducibility, are rapidly growing their share in advanced materials market. However, due to their porous microstructure, experimental investigations of their properties are not trivial and normally need rigorous procedures and high end equipments. Accordingly, there is a growing research interest towards the numerical modeling of their cellular structure in which the following three kinds of models have been commonly employed: (1) structures based on a unit cell or a building block, (2) random Voronoi diagrams, and (3) CAD data provided by Xray micro-computed tomography. In the current study, the mesostructure of aluminum foam produced by the brazing technique is simulated as a connected assembly of spherical shells. The latest inward packing scheme from the set of constructive algorithms is incorporated to efficiently pack the spheres in space. The Gamma distribution is used to control the cell diameters. Three mean values of 3, 4, and 5 mm and two variances of 0.5 and 1.0 mm are assumed for the radii of spheres and cubic specimens of 50 mm are generated. Two assumptions of constant thickness and constant thickness to radius ratio have been applied to the spherical shells. Two relative densities of 0.05 and 0.1 have been examined in the current study. A code is written to automatically transfer these geometrical data to ABAQUS FE program. The models are then meshed in 1 mm S4R shell elements. Tie contacts are defined between neighbor spheres. Furthermore, self contact is used to prevent any probable penetrations in the models. The foaming material is assumed to be AL 3003 H12 with elastic-perfectly plastic behavior. Next, the uniaxial load is applied by means of two rigid planes and the stress-strain curves are extracted. Main attention has been paid to the elastic modulus and initial yield stress of foam. It is observed that keeping the mean value of the radius and increasing its variance lead to the generation of more small spheres within the microstructure which itself increases the number of interactions inside the foam and thus increases elastic modulus and yield stress. The results also show that, for both thickness assumptions made here, increasing the mean radius of spheres decreases the number of spheres and their interaction points and subsequently weakens their uniaxial mechanical properties. Furthermore, compared to foams generated based on the constant thickness to radius ratio assumption, the presence of thick small spheres in foams with cells of constant thickness makes them stiffer and stronger. This effect is more pronounced in foam with higher densities

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Fresh vegetables are important sources of nutrients, vitamins and fiber and their consumption, especially in raw form, has increased in recent years due to special attention to improving the health of society. Today, despite the use of strict disinfection methods in vegetable and salad factories, The problem of microbial contamination, especially Escherichia coli mesophilic bacteria, remains in the summer. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of interstitial contamination of vegetables with coliforms and specifically Escherichia coli. In this study, iceberg lettuce and non-disinfected vegetable samples were used as control samples and 4 samples of disinfected lettuce and vegetables were randomly sampled from the production line. Samples were inoculated into the relevant culture medium after disinfection with peracetic acid solution and calcium hypochlorite and then final rinsing with water. To evaluate the surface contamination, after 1, 5 and 20 minutes and also to examine the interstitial contamination Finely chopped face After 20 minutes, a specific test for Escherichia coli was performed. The growth of this bacterium was observed in control samples and very finely chopped vegetable samples. The results of this study indicate the accuracy and adequacy of the disinfection process and the lack of surface contamination and the possibility of interstitial contamination and absorption of this bacterium through the roots and vessels of the plant.

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 In this research, an attempt has been made to study the short story "The demon possessed  Man" written by Mehdi Akhavan-e-Sales in a descriptive-analytical manner from the perspective of his pioneering in writing a modern poetic short story. The subject of this story is the author's critique of the situation of the bewildered contemporary intellectual (urban class) in society. The result shows that the author, using Impressionist language, has acted in drawing the mental states of the pivotal person in such a way that the plot of the story is out of linear mode, and regardless of the events and the reasons for their formation, it is structural. Found minimalist. Of course, this model has been left out of the ancient structures of Iranian fiction based on the travel model. Hence, the central figure in his story has replaced a particular intellectual mood before he became important as an actor in the narrative.