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Showing 10 results for Zarghami
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2015)
Abstract
By a brief review of Iranian art works, we will understand that all Iranian art masterpieces come from and are affected by the concrete expression of the specific idea of those people who intent to embody their special beliefs and worldviews using those arts. Relationship of man with nature as well as the role of nature in urban areas and its subsequent influence on human life is one of the most significant issues that may be addressed through research on the relationship of man and nature along with identification of their mutual impacts, since nature is a representation of perfection in mankind and the ultimate beauty as it contributes to realization of life and its values. Awareness of human to the benefits provided by the green space serves as a prelude to man’s perception of creating artificial environment, light and darkness, noise and silence, and subsequently motion and inertia, because particular attributes of green space are in line with man’s cognizance of needs. Meanwhile, due to the Islamic approach of this paper, Islamic views on nature and its relationship with mankind should be discussed, since numerous verses of Quran have cited nature, making it easier for us to figure out this relationship. An inseparable link may be found in Islam between man and nature as well as natural sciences and religion. By abstaining from complete detachment of man and nature, Islam has retained its integrated approach towards universe. Indeed, mankind is a gateway to grace and mercy for the nature. Therefore it can be said that the garden is a holy place which is reminiscent of reconstruction of the cosmic event and rebirth of the world; a real world between the world of senses and the world of pure reasoning with a feeling of plurality and multiple spaces which leads to emergence of a divine feeling of separation, peace and eternity with some kind of hierarchy in the combination of the components and elements. Before being a manifestation of the territory and historical eras, gardens demonstrate the human beings’ thoughts and beliefs. The physical structure of gardens has undergone incredible changes by change in the religious thoughts (aspirations and beliefs). In this way, religion has played a decisive role in creation of gardens. The nature, the universe architecture’s achievement, God, is often inspiration for architectures. Because of human’s inborn tendency to nature and notable impacts of relationship with nature in soul and body of human, human always has been seeking to find a reasonable relationship between inside space and outside nature. Today, physical and psychological needs of humans to communicate with nature, is a reason that in all societies, it is converted to cultural heritage; however Iranian paradise as a excellent example is a picture of Iranian beliefs that despite of harshness, still is a successful pattern. The paradise in interaction between humans and their thoughts and as a meeting place for sky and earth and interaction between function and thoughts is the best place for mystical experience. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the formation of a Persian garden becomes possible, what are the type of used elements and spatial arrangement in it. In Persian Garden replacing the circular shape, which is different from other geometric shapes, is feasible. The circle is the point of spreading, symbolism or symbolic interpretation that covers the concepts of excellence, integrity and the absence of any distinction and separation. In addition to the concept of perfection that exists implicitly within the eternal circle, it also symbolizes creativity and creation of the universe. There are different climates in Iran, so the variety of vegetation in Iran is in abundant. The application of these types in green space architecture intensifies the variety and ecotypes (in color, form, size and adaptability) and also increases the success of coefficient certitude of the design and design flexibility. Having plants in green spaces is a vindication of climate and cultural capability. Due to reaching the international standards of green space per capita, we need more green space several times than the current one. Human innately likes nature. Humans’ need of vegetation and nature has been a biological and vital need from the beginning of the creation. This is a physiological need. Due to that it consists of a physical-chemical force in the brain that organizes all human rational and perceptional capabilities and guides them. The needs can be different from being urgent one or normal one and if human’s primary needs are not satisfied, a stronger aggression may be needed. Green spaces are full of varied colors, but the green color is dominant among them. From a psychological point of view, green is basically a tranquilizing color and mentally can make the space tolerable for the crowds assembled in such centers. When a person goes back to the nature and sees green trees andbeautiful flowers with water sounds and birds twittering, delightful moments are created for him/her. In the recent decades, due to changes in the social structure of the country, the majority of the patterns used for the designing urban public green spaces are those of Western parks. Moreover, the vertical growth of the cities in response to the shortage of available urban lands and the consequent dearth of green spaces has accentuated the already present need for parks. These two factors gave rise to the wide use of Western park patterns by urban designers and planners as it well provided both the need for green space and public spaces. In consequence, the Persian garden patterns, which during the years of Iranian history had been of regular use in the construction of landscapes and also enjoyed the numerous researches revolving their stability and aesthetic and psychological aspects, were eclipsed by the Western patterns. The following research was carried out in order to provide an answer to an important question; that is, how it would be possible to use the patterns of Persian gardens instead of those which belong to the Western parks in designing the urban public green spaces. The main aim of this study is to focus on relationship between human and nature, natural factors and to recognize the ranking of Iranian paradise in a kind of interaction between human and nature. The research method is documentary study and library-based, and the comparative studies are descriptive. The findings show that the relationship with nature is the most necessary condition for artist. He/she is nature himself/ herself, as part of nature and nature, via natural space, in many ways has impact on innovation of architecture. The nature is always present everywhere and is a powerful tool for motivation. Its presence is obvious in metaphor, imitation, variation form and architectural materials.
Volume 5, Issue 4 (2015 2016)
Abstract
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract
Home is the first human space in which to experience the sense of space. Building a house is a cultural phenomenon, and the shape and spatial organization is strongly influenced by culture which it belongs. Neglect or lack of adequate housing with the Islamic Iranian approach that values and traditions in the face of the housing body and trampled, and people benefit from good deeds and keep its value. Concerns related to the past and failure in creating an architecture that can properly continue the development of history and architectural values and have a share in the world›s contemporary architecture And to contribute to the objectives and components of fundamental Islamic Iranian traditional architecture, Based on these concepts and applying them in a new frame necessitates the attention to today›s architecture. Home environment as an important part of community life and its cultural manifestations, from the perspective of doctor pirnia: «Home is where the residents are feeling upset and inside the house where women and children lived, should have a large variety to Do not feel fatigue . The most striking features that can be named to the Big House: - The co-existence of three types of open, semi-open and closed. - There are specific installation in any building space for the three species. - There are various whole space of the private sphere to the public at home. - The possibility of the private lives of families in all three types of space. - Flexible space to a dynamic lifestyle and behavior of human cases. Entrance, the spatial index and the adequacy of possible pause. The most familiar symbol of the entrance to the house was home, but semi-private spaces that the privacy of the home and the neighbors began to get to the entrance. Iranian house in terms of spatial variation was too high and it was seen in very diverse areas. Home is the most important criterion to evaluate the city›s physical shape and obviously no house loses everything in their meaning.and functions to consider and simply removed from the location of other city can say to set it. It is stated that the concept of home: the house is the birthplace of the hierarchy of the various functions of living need to live in a house for us is always there in tablet or elsewhere, says is settled to be space in which the concept the home of it. Home is not only asylum Drhfaz days and nights we could have it your closet because of our past, we have repeatedly opened and closed. Islamic civilization trait of the house in operation, according to the houses are situated, stillness and peace: and Allah Jllkm I settled Byvtkm (Nahl verse 80) God gave you a comfort for your home. Name the location of this attribute (inertia), ie housing on the property of the family life implies, many times in the Qur›an and the fact that houses are a symbol and a source of comfort, the architects have employed a variety of measures.The houses spatial organization closely associated with the way people and a variety of intermediate spaces simultaneously separating and connecting the spaces are. Another feature of Iranian house Fzahast ability to use the constituent elements of this empowerment happens space. In today›s society, the houses are made from the perspective and quantitative methods and qualitative aspects have not paid much attention to the people in their home environment and not recognized and Iranian calm and quiet the house is expected to, housing today is not responsive to their needs. Lack of quality in housing would undermine the sanctity of the family, adverse effects on children and families belonging to the house eliminates. The assumptions considered in this study include: 1.satisfied residents living in Islamic housing and the connections between people are as meaningful and positive. 2. components of security and comfort, privacy, use of natural factors and humility and authenticity in apartment house in improving the quality of housing today with Islamic Iran Quality importance and necessity of this research is effective, all of us are Muslims and in the community Muslim lives-wemust use the housing Iranians have which features a housing in which to achieve peace. This study, by recognizing the sensitivity and importance of housing and desirable identity, necessity, and research in this field, both in Islam and in the field of architecture and urban planning principles and principles of Islam, according to the needs and circumstances of the present essential-knows. Because the influence of Islamic values living spaces in all, a very useful and positive. The selection of this project is trying to respond to one of the country›s current problems is the lack of implementation of housing today with Iranian-Islamic criteria.It is expected, based on the principles for housing contemporary Iranian Islamic law can be extracted. The opposite can be done.presented. These principles, how Muslims live and how their relationship with the community and the surrounding area offer. According to Iran›s Culture and Islamic architecture, houses should be built in such a way that these principles into consideration and, therefore, designers should use these principles as policy design. In other words, houses an Iranian Muslim and Islamic beliefs and the result of Iranian cultural values consistent with it. The research method is a descriptive survey to determine the needs and requirements of the current situation of Iranian-Islamic architectural design has been done we do. And by distributing questionnaires among the professionals and graduates heading architecture. Qualitative research method in this study is an analysis and survey. The population in this research professionals and students of architecture in the University (martyr Rajaee Teacher Training, Tehran University of Qom, Mashhad Ferdowsi) is. Sampling randomly from among graduates and professionals with a sample size of 150 is architecture and accuracy the number of samples were confirmed using Cronbach and the size is perfect to fill the questionnaire. Current research tool in the study of the documents, the most important library resources such as books, magazines, study of written documents, regulations and is planning projects. In addition, the study of different means and methods of data collection used questionnaires and interviews. The questionnaire consisted of three questions open and 41 closed questions is the main aim of the Islamic-Iranian architecture of the residential variable and discover how accurate their priorities from the perspective of university professors, experts in the field of architecture. After collecting data from sample results for the descriptive analysis in the form of charts and tables, etc. show and then using statistical analysis using software SPSS21 to a series of appropriate information to It was designed to help. The results show that to return to the Iranian- Islamic architecture pattern, in the design and implementation of modern residential complexes, four factors «comfort and safety», «privacy», «natural agents» and «humility in the house» are as shared characteristics, factors on the basis of today›s Iranian Islamic culture and apartment housing.
Volume 7, Issue 4 (2017 2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays, mental health of people has become a complex issue. So that the world health organization has proposed different solutions for health improvements. There has been an increase in mental disorders and depression in different communities and the importance of mental health has been neglected in many cases. It has been stated that social structure and culture play a fundamental role in the formation of some diseases such as depression and stress disorders. Therefore, further investigation is required for the relevance of the two important issues of mental health and culture. UNESCO defines culture “a set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of a society or a social group that in addition to art and literature, it encompasses lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs.” Architecture's role in the expression of beliefs and culture, which are the expression of human identity, are believed to be an undeniable role. Therefore, the culture of any society, is the basis of the societies' architecture, in a way that it is the reflection of the community's culture. Iran's traditional architecture is the identity of faith, divine nature of goodness and deep passion. Given the link between mysticism and art in Iranian culture, the principles of Islamic art, especially architecture, influenced by the mystical dimension of Islam. Islamic civilization is based on peace and peaceful houses. According to the Quran, home is a place of rest and peace. So the first aim of building a house is to provide a place for human comfort. In recent years, with the change of lifestyles, the concept of home and residence has been changed. Therefore, the concept of home that was responsive to the needs of the life of human beings, has been changed as a mechanical product. This study endevours to exploit the principles of appropriate home from reliable sources such as Quran and Shi'a jurisprudence and investigate these principles in Iranian-Islamic traditional houses in order to reach a suitable guideline for contemporary houses with regards to Iranian-Islamic culture for mental health improvements of people.
Literature review Mental health issue is less addressed in the researches and also there is not enough attention toward increasing mental health and stabilizing it. In most of the essays there are some sorts of solutions which are referring to a cure after happening this mental damage while, it is possible to figure out a solution for preventing this important modern issue which is preventable. Therefore, a sort of architecture which is connected to the life of people and also is a part of this life would have an undeniable effect on stabilizing the mental health. The cultural identity of the society could be considered as an important factor for the mental health of each person. Iranian-Islamic culture in contemporary houses are the most important issue in society needs mental peace and human separation from their culture leads to alienation from the original values of the community. One of the most important strategies in the design of contemporary architecture inspired by the principles of respect for the traditional homes of Iranian-Islamic culture that has defined the overall stability of international sustainability. Generally the features of Iranian culture, not only helps mental health but also helps the sustainability of architecture. According to Iranian culture, house is not just a shelter for residents, moreover, it should induce relaxation. The human sense of independence and external noise is not transmitted to the interior of the house.Traditional Islamic architecture reflects the enduring idea of archetype in the past, present and future through continuous image with timeless character wherein the act of creation on the part of some vast horizons disappear, to be together. Since sustainability has all the comprehensive features to meet the human, psychological, and environmental needs, it can be possible to achieve a sustainable approach to the design of consensus with the role of culture in all aspects of sustainability. Sustainable architecture that is combined with culture, will never be forgotten and the process that is constantly going on in people's lives will continue and will retain its durability as traditional architecture. Because culture is what remains in the mind of people and is recognized. Moreover, traditional buildings due to the Iranian cultural principles, have reached sustainability. According to contemporary sustainable architecture, using traditional design methods seems to be desirable. Because historical experience has shown that the traditional architecture of the contemporary architecture has been more successful in this regard. In addition, the presence of important cultural elements of traditional architecture in the environment, as a part of the native human memory, creates a sense of space and serenity. In addition, the traditional architecture has a close link with the body and the human mind and is a manifestation of the ontology of that period and creates an environment that corresponds to the human. The use of traditional experiences, is essential for the progress of society and the advancement of physical and mental, social and spiritual result. This can be important not only for the present, but also for the attributes needed for the sustainability in the future and has an effective role on it. In fact, the culture of a society describes the society views of the future and that is what people are willing to transfer to future generations.
Methodology: In this study in order to realize the culture and identity of Iranian-Islamic architecture in traditional houses. The study will first investigate the impact of culture on mental health and worldwide sustainability and also the impact of sustainability on mental health. Then, based on library evidences and reliable sources such as the Shi'a juridical and the Qur'an, recommendations and opinions will be extracted. And the subsequent analysis of sustainability criteria in accordance with Iranian-Islamic cultural identity, traditional houses will be applied.
Results and discussion: The results indicate that if the nature of Islamic-Iranian architecture be under the considerations by architects, it can be expected to fully meet the needs of the people by the means of design solutions. To achieve contemporary sustainable architecture, induction of Islamic-Iranian culture at the heart of modern architecture should be paid attention to for the achievement of the residents' mental health. The definition of social sustainability that is based on Iranian-Islamic cultural identity, will lead to the reflection of religion in design, in order to provide desirable housing residents with respect to physical and emotional needs. Based on the original cultural features from the Quran, in Iranian traditional architecture, it has been tried to help human beings in the shadow of psychological comfort, to reach perfection. So architecture in the first place should instill in the shadow of Islamic-Iranian culture and try to achieve sustainable housing in order to achieve a sustainable society and design. Moreover, applying the patterns of Islamic-Iranian culture, can be a great help in creating a psychological comfort for people that in addition to health, to provide social stability and a return to Iranian-Islamic identity of Iran.
Literature review Mental health issue is less addressed in the researches and also there is not enough attention toward increasing mental health and stabilizing it. In most of the essays there are some sorts of solutions which are referring to a cure after happening this mental damage while, it is possible to figure out a solution for preventing this important modern issue which is preventable. Therefore, a sort of architecture which is connected to the life of people and also is a part of this life would have an undeniable effect on stabilizing the mental health. The cultural identity of the society could be considered as an important factor for the mental health of each person. Iranian-Islamic culture in contemporary houses are the most important issue in society needs mental peace and human separation from their culture leads to alienation from the original values of the community. One of the most important strategies in the design of contemporary architecture inspired by the principles of respect for the traditional homes of Iranian-Islamic culture that has defined the overall stability of international sustainability. Generally the features of Iranian culture, not only helps mental health but also helps the sustainability of architecture. According to Iranian culture, house is not just a shelter for residents, moreover, it should induce relaxation. The human sense of independence and external noise is not transmitted to the interior of the house.Traditional Islamic architecture reflects the enduring idea of archetype in the past, present and future through continuous image with timeless character wherein the act of creation on the part of some vast horizons disappear, to be together. Since sustainability has all the comprehensive features to meet the human, psychological, and environmental needs, it can be possible to achieve a sustainable approach to the design of consensus with the role of culture in all aspects of sustainability. Sustainable architecture that is combined with culture, will never be forgotten and the process that is constantly going on in people's lives will continue and will retain its durability as traditional architecture. Because culture is what remains in the mind of people and is recognized. Moreover, traditional buildings due to the Iranian cultural principles, have reached sustainability. According to contemporary sustainable architecture, using traditional design methods seems to be desirable. Because historical experience has shown that the traditional architecture of the contemporary architecture has been more successful in this regard. In addition, the presence of important cultural elements of traditional architecture in the environment, as a part of the native human memory, creates a sense of space and serenity. In addition, the traditional architecture has a close link with the body and the human mind and is a manifestation of the ontology of that period and creates an environment that corresponds to the human. The use of traditional experiences, is essential for the progress of society and the advancement of physical and mental, social and spiritual result. This can be important not only for the present, but also for the attributes needed for the sustainability in the future and has an effective role on it. In fact, the culture of a society describes the society views of the future and that is what people are willing to transfer to future generations.
Methodology: In this study in order to realize the culture and identity of Iranian-Islamic architecture in traditional houses. The study will first investigate the impact of culture on mental health and worldwide sustainability and also the impact of sustainability on mental health. Then, based on library evidences and reliable sources such as the Shi'a juridical and the Qur'an, recommendations and opinions will be extracted. And the subsequent analysis of sustainability criteria in accordance with Iranian-Islamic cultural identity, traditional houses will be applied.
Results and discussion: The results indicate that if the nature of Islamic-Iranian architecture be under the considerations by architects, it can be expected to fully meet the needs of the people by the means of design solutions. To achieve contemporary sustainable architecture, induction of Islamic-Iranian culture at the heart of modern architecture should be paid attention to for the achievement of the residents' mental health. The definition of social sustainability that is based on Iranian-Islamic cultural identity, will lead to the reflection of religion in design, in order to provide desirable housing residents with respect to physical and emotional needs. Based on the original cultural features from the Quran, in Iranian traditional architecture, it has been tried to help human beings in the shadow of psychological comfort, to reach perfection. So architecture in the first place should instill in the shadow of Islamic-Iranian culture and try to achieve sustainable housing in order to achieve a sustainable society and design. Moreover, applying the patterns of Islamic-Iranian culture, can be a great help in creating a psychological comfort for people that in addition to health, to provide social stability and a return to Iranian-Islamic identity of Iran.
Volume 9, Issue 4 (8-2020)
Abstract
The life table parameters of the parasitoid wasp, Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hym.: Encyrtidae) were studied at 25, 30, and 35 °C, 65 ± 5% R. H. and 14L: 10D h. Third instar nymphs of Pseudococcus solenopsis Tinesly (Hem.: Pseudococcidae) were used as host for the wasp. Adult longevity and preoviposition period of female wasps were assessed and the raw data were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table. According to the results, the total preovipostion period of females was 17 days at 25 °C and decreased to 13.07 days at 35 °C. The highest and lowest longevity was recorded for females at 25 °C (40.12 days) and males at 35 °C (3.71 days), respectively. The intrinsic rates of increase (r) of A. bambawalei were 0.1192, 0.1599, 0.2142 d-1 at 25, 30 and 35 °C, respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) was calculated to be 38.04, 55.30, and 81.22 eggs/individual at 25, 30 and 35 °C, respectively. The mean generation time (T) of A. bambawalei ranged from 20.52 days at 35 °C to 30.52 days at 25 °C. Our results suggested that A. bambawalei may be a more efficient biological control agent for P. solenopsis at 35 °C than at 25 and 30 °C.
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2010)
Abstract
The dimensionless form of Navier-Stokes equations for two dimensional jet flows are solved using direct numerical simulation. The length scale and the velocity scale of jet flow at the inlet boundary of computational domain are used as two characteristics to define the jet Reynolds number. These two characteristics are jet half-width and centerline velocity. Governing equations are discretized in streamwise and cross stream directions using a sixth order compact finite difference scheme and a mapped compact finite difference method, respectively. Cotangent mapping of is used to relate the physical domain of to the computational domain of . The compact third order Runge-Kutta method is used for time-advancement of the simulation. convective outflow boundary condition is employed to create a non-reflective type boundary condition at the outlet. An inviscid Stuart flow and a completely viscose solutions of Navier Stokes equations are used for the verification of numerical simulations. Results for perturbed jet flow in self-similar coordinates were also investigated which indicate that the time-averaged statistics for velocity, vorticity, turbulence intensities and Reynolds stress distribution tend to collapse on top of each other at flow downstream locations.
Masoumeh Moghaddam, Sara Zarghami,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract
Surveys of scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha) infesting date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L., Arecaceae) in Iran represented the occurrence of 10 species belonging to five families. The recorded species were: Asterolecaniidae - Palmaspis phoenicis (Ramachandra Rao); Diaspididae - Aonidiella orientalis (Newstead), Fiorinia phoenicis Balachowsky, Parlatoria blanchardi (Targioni Tozzetti) and Parlatoria crypta McKenzie; Monophlebidae - Pseudaspidoproctus hyphaeniacus (Hall); Phoenicococcidae - Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell; and Pseudococcidae - Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), and Formicococcus phoenicis Moghaddam & Zarghami sp. nov., a new species of mealybug feeding on the roots of the date palm, is described and illustrated based on the adult female. An annotated list of these species is presented.
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Aims: Drought limits plant growth and productivity throughout the world. Narrow-leaved plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) is widely used to treat some human diseases and reduce antibiotic nutrition. This study aimed to examine the response of four local ecotypes of P. lanceolata to different drought stress levels in a field experiment.
Materials & Methods: A split-plot design was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the farm of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Karaj, Iran, 2018. The main factor was drought stress at three levels (D1= normal irrigation, D2= drought stress after the flowering stage with supplemental irrigation at the filling stage, and D3= stop irrigation after flowering. The second factor contained four ecotypes: G1-Arak, G2-Khoramabad, G3-Meshkinshahr1, and G4-Meshkinshar2. Data were collected and statistically analyzed for grain yield and yield components.
Findings: Results showed a significant effect of drought stress and ecotype on all traits except root lengths (p<0.05). The ecotype × drought stress interaction effects were significant for spike number per plant, leaf number per plant, leaf width, and plant height (p<0.05). The mean values of grain yield in D1, D2, and D3 were 729.41, 660.81, and 595.95 kg.h-1, respectively.
Conclusion: The highest grain yield of 670.92 kg.h-1 was obtained from G1-Arak. This ecotype produced higher grain yields under mild and severe stress than the other ecotypes and was recommended for breeding improved varieties.
Volume 18, Issue 2 (Summer 2014)
Abstract
A proceeding without indictment or summary proceeding is a mechanism, which is provided by the legal systems in order to expedite criminal proceedings through elimination of some procedures. It is primarily relevant to minor offences, and applied without violating the principles of fair trial. In Iran, the proceedings are related to non-interference of the office of public prosecutions in the preliminary investigations of these cimes, which are conducted by the courts. This non-seperation of investigation and trial authorities makes serious doubts on impartiality of the courts. On the other hand, extending the scopes of these proceedings in Iranian legal system to Islamic punishments such as death and stoning for sodomy and adultery in some cases, and granting extensive powers to district courts, which handle crimes outside the jurisdiction of the Provincial Criminal Courts without indictment, have caused these proceedings being faced with significant uncertainty from the perspective of fair trial. However, in the legal system of England, proceedings without indictment are related to elimination of jury in Peace Courtsfor some minor crimes, which are conducted without violating the impartiality of the proceeding authority. The article examines characteristics of these proceedings in the legal systems of Iran and England.
* Corresponding Author’s E-mail: Farid Zarghami@gmail.com
Volume 20, Issue 3 (Fall 2016)
Abstract
Globalization process through consolidation of many national economies has shaped global economy and led to a network of world cities. In this context, metropolitan for surviving in such competitive environment will require appropriate infrastructures, capacities, and powers. Accordingly, the measuring position of metropolitan areas is necessary to determine the role of them in the global economy. This paper identifies the impacts of economic globalization on the spatial structure of Tehran and Istanbul metropolitans and also compare the function of these cities in the globalization process. The research method was descriptive-analytical and analyzes were based on secondary data. Findings revealed that in term of economic dimension and foreign investment, Istanbul has favorable condition compared to Tehran. However, the lowest difference was related to Internet penetration. Investigation of spatial structure based on polycentricity and investments in meta-projects indicators showed that there are transformations in the Tehran metropolitan. These changes are higher than and more multidimensional in the Istanbul. Finally, it can be argued that the position of Istanbul in the global economy is better than Tehran. Istanbul metropolitan based on necessities of the global economy, inevitably, experiences spatial restructuring.
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