Showing 3 results for Community Structure
Abbas Mohammadi-Khoramabadi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (6-2023)
Abstract
Here, the species richness of Campopleginae, a diverse subfamily of the Darwin wasps was studied in an almost organic damask rose plain located at 2600 m a.s.l., the south of Iran. Sampling was done using four Malaise traps for six months from April–October 2019. The total sampling efforts were 18 trap months. The integrated approach was used to assess the sample completeness profile, to infer true diversities of entire assemblages via asymptotic diversity estimates, to standardize the sample coverage via rarefaction and extrapolation, and to infer diversity via an evenness profile. I also used Homogenous, Homogenous (MLE), Chao1, Chao1-bc, iChao1, ACE, ACE-1, 1st order jackknife, and 2nd order jackknife to estimate the species richness of the studied Campopleginae community. Malaise traps yielded 491 individuals belonging to 24 morphospecies. Diadegma majale (Gravenhorst, 1829) included 64.7% of the total individuals collected, representing the highly dominated species. The estimated sample completeness profile showed that our data covers 59% of the total species in this community and thus 41% of species are undetected. The values for Shannon and Simpson diversity indices are 4.53 and 2.29, respectively. The models and non-parametric estimators estimated the species richness of Campoplegines from 24 – 50 species. This study provides a wealth of baseline data for the subfamily Campopleginae in the south of Iran in terms of biological control and conservation.
Priyankar Mondal, Krishna Karmakar, Moumi Ganguly, Debamitra Chatterjee, Sunil Kr. Ghosh,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (6-2023)
Abstract
A vast number of tropical and subtropical mites belong to the family Tarsonemidae Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877, with the tribe Tarsoenmini under subfamily Tarsoneminae having the most diverse assemblage. In order to better understand the distribution, community structure, and host specificity of these mites, it is important to investigate the Tarsonemini mite fauna of India, particularly in the highly biodiverse state of West Bengal. A total of 1154 mite specimens were obtained from 69 distinct plant species belonging to 44 families and distributed over six agroclimatic zones in West Bengal. The mites were classified into 8 distinct genera and 38 morphospecies. We developed bipartite trophic networks for Tarsonemini mites for the first time to show how these different communities of these mites are associated to various host plant species in six different agroclimatic zones. Different network descriptors such as Connectance, H2, Niche Overlap and Robustness were calculated from the mite-plant networks of six agroclimatic zones. Northern Hill Zone had the highest diversity followed by New Alluvial and Teesta-Terai Zone whereas, Red Laterite Zone had the least diversity of mite species. More than 70% Tarsonemini mites were found as generalist plant inhabitants which is consistent with their epiphytotic microbivorous feeding strategy.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (11-2021)
Abstract
Butterflies are flagship taxa and bio-indicator of terrestrial ecosystems. Studies of butterflies are performed in different regions of Nepal, but no detailed research has been carried out in Tanahun. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the species diversity and abundance of butterflies in Byas municipality-6 of the Tanahun, Nepal, from March to November 2020. The Pollard walk method was used for the data collection. A total of six transects of 500 m, two in each habitat type (forests, settlements, and agricultural lands), were laid out randomly. The study was performed in three seasons (9 months); Pre-Monsoon (March to May), Monsoon (June to September), and Post-Monsoon (October to November). Each transect was surveyed nine times (once a month) to record species in each month. Data were pooled and analyzed with SPSS. A total of 1,753 individuals of 149 butterfly species from 92 genera and six families were recorded during the study. The overall Shannon-Wiener and Margalef diversity indices were H = 4.17 and R = 19.95. Pielou’s Evenness was E = 0.83. Nymphalidae was the most diverse, richest species, and most abundant family (H = 3.33, R = 8.30, N = 851). Species evenness was maximum in the family Papilionidae (E = 0.88). The forests comprised the maximum number of species (115 species, 898 individuals). The maximum number of species was recorded in March (106 species), while the highest species abundance was in June (268 individuals). The result of this study could be the baseline for further researches on butterflies in the Tanahun district.
