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Ninety one monoconidial Bipolaris isolates were obtained from lesions on different parts of rice in different locations of Mazandaran province during the summer of 2009. Bipolaris species were identified using morphological features such as color and shape of colony and color and size of conidia and conidiophores. The isolates were separated into two species; 85 (93.4%) isolates belonged to Bipolaris oryzae and the remaining 6 (6.6%) isolates to Bipolaris cynodontis. Therefore B. oryzae is regarded as the major cause of rice brown spot disease in Mazandaran province. In order to analyze genetic diversity among B. oryzae isolates, 71 isolates were subjected to fingerprinting analysis by rep-PCR using BOX and REP primers. In cluster analysis, 15 clonal lineages and 54 haplotypes were identified. The largest clonal lineage contained with 36 haplotypes was the most common lineage. These results also indicate a relatively high level of genetic diversity among B. oryzae isolates. Also, pathogenicity test of a few B. oryzae isolates (12 isolates) was conducted under greenhouse condition and showed that those isolates were pathogenic to rice seedlings of cv. Tarom. All isolates produced some leaf spots 24 h after inoculation.

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Vladimir Propp's morphology of the structure of literary work by taking the strategies of formalism presented with a check of one hundred Afsanh‌Y Russian magical, practical sample lost it. According to Propp theory, Afsanh‌Hay magical, in spite of differences in the structure and morphology of the fundamental principles in common and working to restore the underlying common axis.In the analytical field research, oral narrative Qdymy‌Tryn Amir and jewel - the romantic Mnzvmh‌Hay Mazandaran examined from the perspective of Propp's morphology. Rvayt‌Hay many of the myths common among people who are both long and short forms (Myny‌Malysty) is. According to the results, Khvyshkary‌Hay story of Amir and pearls, in compliance with Prop model, and thus the Asharh‌Y Prop displacement can be seen in this narrative has not been met.The sum of the parts and Shkhsyt‌Ha and system performance with a small displacement Amir and pearls and Khvyshkary‌Hay follow Propp's model stems. The story of Amir and that is the essence of Khvyshkary‌Hayy some thirty models Prop Yk‌Ganh not like: a dream or uncertain situation at the end of the narrative, the dignity of the place of magic or miracle behalf, in any case where the wedding end of story to happen at the beginning and at the end of the story of Amir and pearls occur in an uncertain situation all the screw. Of course, this Aftraq‌Ha with magical fairy tale romance Brmy‌Grdd Afsanh‌Y properties.
Key words: morphology Propp, Structure, Amir and pearls, Afsanh‌Y Ashqanh‌Y Mazandaran.

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The focus of this study was to extend investigations on Collembola fauna in parts of Hyrcanian forests - Hezarjirib forests, located near Neka in Mazandaran province. For this, irregular samplings from leaf litter and soil in different localities were done during 2020–2021. The springtail specimens were extracted by Berlese funnel and after permanent slide mounting identified by relevant taxonomic keys. It resulted in the identification of 25 species belonging to eight families and 19 genera. Three species including Hypogastrura papillata Gisin, 1949 (Hypogastruridae), Lepidocyrtus bicoloris Mateos, 2012 (Entomobryidae) and Folsomia trisetata Jordana & Ardanaz, 1981 (Isotomidae) were recorded for the first time from Iran. Brief information for each species including the material studied, distribution and some illustrations of the new records are given.

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