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In this research 52 species of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) have been reported from the northeastern Fars province, of which the species of Hylaeus punctus Förster and Hoplitis leucomelana Kirby were new records for Iran fauna. Among the material examined, there were 11 species of Apidae, 19 species of Halictidae, 1 species of Andrenidae, 4 species of Colletidae and 17 species of Megachilidae. Phoretic mites belonging to four genera Parapygmephorus, Vidia, Imparipes and Anoetus were associated with halictid and meghachilid bees. Among associated mites with collected bees Imparipes burgeri Ebermann & Jagersbacher-Baumann belonging to the family Scutacaridae was new for Iran fauna and Asia. We also collected five new mite species for science. These species were belong to the genera Parapygmephorus (1 species), Vidia (1 species), and Anoetus (3 species) of the families Neopygmephoridae, Winterschmidtiidae and Anoetidae respectively that will be described elsewhere. All specimens are deposited in the “Collection of Iranian Pollinator Insects” of Yasouj University.

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In this study 46 species of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and their 17 associated mite species from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province reigns with some specimens collected from Yasouj and Dezful have been examined. Four species of mites were new for Iran: Sennertia zhelochovtsevi Zachvatkin, Vidia lineata Oudemans, Sennertionyx manicati (Giard) and Crabrovidia oudemansi Fain. These mites were found on bees’ families of Halictidae, Megachilidae, Apidae and Andrenidae. The identified mites were belonging to families of Neopygmephoridae, Scutacaridae, Chaetodactylidae, Anoetidae, Acaridae, Saproglyphidae and Winterschmidtiidae. Among bees’ families, the most association was observed on Halictidae and the lowest was on Andrenidae. Bee species of Halictus (Halictus) resurgens Nurse, 1903 had the highest percentage of association. All specimens are deposited in the Iranian Pollinator Insects Museum of Yasouj University. Herein a list of mite species associated with bees and bees’ species list are provided. Some specimens belong to genera of Imparipes Berlese, 1903 (n=12 specimens) and Chaetodactylus Rondani, 1866 (n=11 specimens) were new for science which would be described in a subsequent paper.

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There is not a comprehensive cheklist on Halictidae family in Iran yet. In this survey, 1179 specimens of the Halictid bees collected from various area of Iran were examined. Among them, we found 78 species of Halictid bees as a major component of the Apoidea fauna in Iran. Herein, a list of the halictid bees, with localities name, geographical coordinations of localities, and number of male and female specimens is provided. Also, distribution of species in Iran, based on the material collected in this study and the worldwide distribution (where applicable) are presented. Five species are recorded for the first time from following provinces, respectively: Lasioglossum (Ctenonomia) vagans (Smith, 1857), from Sistan-o Baluchestan, Halictus (Vestitohalictus) nasica Morawitz, 1876, from Isfahan and Sistan-o Baluchestan, Halictus tetrazoinus (Klug, 1817) from Charmahal-o Bakhtiari, Halictus fatsensis Blüthgen, 1936, from Charmahal-o Bakhtiari, Halictus (Seladonia) fuscicollis Morawitz, 1876, from Sistan-o Baluchestan.

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A checklist of the bees of the genus Hylaeus Fabricius, 1793 of Iran, based on the literature data and also field surveys in northeastern Iran (North Khorasan and Khorasan-e Razavi provinces) is presented. The resulting checklist comprises nine subgenera and 63 species. Four species of the genus Hylaeus, including H. (Lambdopsis) rinki (Gorski, 1852), H. (Spatulariella) hyalinatus Smith, 1842, H. (Spatulariella) punctatus (Brullé, 1832) and H. (Prosopis) lionotus (Alfken, 1909), are newly recorded for the fauna of Iran. The later species is considered as ″ very rare″ , has only known in Kazakhstan. A re-description of the male of H. (Prosopis) lionotus together with the illustrations of morphological characters is given.

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The current study gives more information on Lepidoptera (butterfly) diversity and their food plant resources in the conifer woods of Shimla Water Catchment Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh. The study was carried out during the three distinct seasons; summer, monsoon, and autumn from March 2019–April 2022. A total of 1650 butterflies, representing 68 species and 6 families were recorded. The Nymphalidae comprised the greatest number of species (28 species), followed by the Lycaenidae (15), Pieridae (13), Papilionidae (7), Hespiradie (4) and Riodinidae (1). Species abundance and richness were more in mixed forest type which owing water and grass-cover availability supported most unique butterfly assemblages as compared to pure conifers and oak forest. The months from April to November harbor the greatest abundance of species. An overall reduction in species abundance was seen from December through January and until the end of March. This study provides an understanding of butterflies and has inspired additional investigation for the restoration of forest habitats in this protected area. The current study on diversity shows the importance of preserving biodiversity and monitoring climate change. It offers a basic identification, gathers data from a comparative viewpoint, allows synthesis, and develops and stimulates ideas and hypotheses that are applicable to other fields.

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Cabbage is an important component of agriculture in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) for its various food uses. It is important to identify pests that affect its production, which is still insufficient to meet the increasing consumer needs. Furthermore, insect data for tropical agroecosystems, particularly those of DRC are limited, making insect diversity poorly understood. The objective of this study is to assess the diversity and abundance of entomofauna related to cabbage in five different cabbage growing sites: Minova, Sake, Kibumba, Rutshuru and Lac Vert. This was achieved by trapping insects with the sweep net and yellow pantraps during 2021 and 2022. A total of 1109 insects from 9 orders and 48 families were collected. The most abundant pest families were Ciccadellidae (8%), Coreidae (7%), Chysomelidae (5%) and Pentatomidae (4%). The main families of beneficial insects (natural enemies and pollinators) identified were Syrphidae (7%), Carabidae (4%), Coccinellidae (3%) and Apidae (3%). Insect communities found in different locations were similar and diversified. Considering functions played by these different functional groups as ecological indicators, it is important to preserve entomological biodiversity. This is achieved through the rational selection of pest management methods to optimize ecosystem services provided by beneficial insects.

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The ecological aspects, distribution, and possible conservation of a syrphid hoverfly, Axona chalcopyga (Wiedemann, 1839) is poorly known due to their rare records. Three female individuals of A. chalcopyga were discovered in the Gelam forests of Terengganu state, which is the first record in Peninsular Malaysia. Here, we provided a pictorial description of the female. We also noted the functional role of the hoverfly as a potential pollinator candidate for the Gelam trees by visiting its flowers.

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Two species of Austronomia Michener, 1965 (Hymenoptera: Halictidae, Nomiinae), namely A. goniognatha (Cockerell, 1919) and A. takauensis (Friese, 1910), are reported from India for the first time. Eleven Nomiinae bee species, Austronomia capitata (Smith, 1875), Austronomia himalayana (Nurse, 1902), Austronomia notiomorpha (Hirashima 1978), Austronomia pseudoscutellata Pauly, 2009, Hoplonomia incerta (Gribodo, 1894), Lipotriches ceratina (Smith, 1857), Lipotriches phenacura (Cockerell, 1911), Macronomia antennata (Smith, 1875), Nomia crassipes (Fabricius, 1798), Pachynomia nathani Pauly, 2009, Steganomus fulvipennis Cameron, 1898 are added to the West Bengal bee fauna. A checklist of Nomiinae bees comprising 30 species from West Bengal along with floral association is documented.