Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics

Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics

The family Calliphoridae in Northwest of Iran with a new record of the subfamily Melanomyinae

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51664, Tabriz, Iran
2 Plant Protection Research Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51664, Tabriz, Iran.
10.48311/jibs.11.4.1071
Abstract
This study investigated the blow flies of East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan provinces, Iran, across natural habitats (forests and pasturelands), rural areas, fruit orchards, and livestock farms. Sampling was conducted from May to October between 2017 and 2018 using an entomological net and Malaise traps. Additionally, specimens from the insect collection of Professor Hassan Maleki Milani (ICPHMM) in Tabriz, Iran, collected from the same provinces during 2013–2016, were examined. A total of 14 species from seven genera across four subfamilies were identified. Notably, the subfamily Melanomyinae and two species, Melinda gentilis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) and Melinda viridicyanea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) are reported for the first time from Iran. Based on the new classifications, the number of Chaliphoridae species occurring in Iran is as follows: 4 subfamilies, 8 genera, and 24 species. Diagnostic characters of new records, distribution of species, as well as illustrations from the adult specimens, are given. The identification key for the subfamilies and genera of the blow flies in Iran has also been presented

Graphical Abstract

The family Calliphoridae in Northwest of Iran with a new record of the subfamily Melanomyinae
Keywords

Akbarzadeh, K., Wallman, J. F., Sulakova, H. & Szpila, K. (2015) Species identification of Middle Eastern blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance. Parasitology Research, 114 (4), 1463–1472.     https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4329-y 
Baumgartner, D.L. (1988) Review of myiasis (Insecta; Diptera: Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae) of Nearctic wildlife. Wildlife Rehabilitations, 7, 1–46.
Catts, E.P. & Goff, M.L. (1992) Forensic entomology in criminal investigations. Annual Review of Entomology, 37, 253–272. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.37.010192.001345 
Castro, C.P., Szpila, K., Martínez-Sánchez, A., Rego, C. & Silva, I. (2016) The blow flies of the Madeira Archipelago: species diversity, distribution and identification (Diptera, Calliphoridae). ZooKeys, 634, 101–123.     https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.634.9262 
Cerretti, P., Stireman, J.O., Badano, D., Gisondi, S., Rognes. K., Giudice, G.L. & Pape, T. (2019) Reclustering the cluster flies (Diptera: Oestroidea, Polleniidae). Systematic Entomology, 44, 957–972.     https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12369 
Demirözer, O., Pekbey, G., Hayat, R., Herdogan, A., Acanski, J., Milicic, M. & Uzun, A. (2020) First contribution on distribution, abundance, and species richness of blow fly species (Diptera) of Isparta Province with five new records for the Turkish fauna. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 44 (1), 69–79. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1909
Falk, S. (2016) British blow flies (Calliphoridae) and woodlouse flies (Rhinophoridae). Draft key to British calliphoridae and Rhinophoridae. 86 pp. Available from http://www.stevenfalk.co.uk/files/21577/testkcyto britishblowflies132016.pdf 
Greenberg, B. (1971) Flies and Disease. Volume 1. Ecology, Classification and Biotic Association. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, NJ. 56 p. 
Greenburg, B. (1991) Flies as forensic indicators. Journal of Medical Entomology, 28 (5), 565–577. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/28.5.565
Hassan, M.A., Bodlah, I., Bharti, M. & Mahmood, K. (2018) An updated checklist of blowfly fauna (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of Pakistan with new records for the country. Halters, 9, 1–5.
Izadi, M., Gheibi, M., Hesami, S. & Bharti, M. (2021) Forensically Important blow Flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of Iran with two new records for the country. Halteres, 12, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5083018
James, M.T. (1947) The flies that cause myiasis in man. USDA Miscellaneous Publication 631. 175 p.     https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.65688 
Jones, N., Whitworth, T. & Marshall, S.A. (2019) Blow flies of North America: Keys to the subfamilies and genera of Calliphoridae, and to the species of the subfamilies Calliphorinae, Luciliinae and Chrysomyinae, Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification, 39, 1–191. https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2019.39 
Khoobdel, M., Jonaidi, N. & Rashti, M.S. (2008) Blowfly and fleshfly (Dip: Cyclorrhpha) fauna in Tehran, Iran. Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Entomology, 3 (5), 185–192.     https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2008.185.192 
Kutty, S.N., Pape, T., Wiegmann, B.M., & Meier, R. (2010) Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine’s fly. Systematic Entomology, 35, 614–635. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00536.x 
Marinho, M.A., Junqueira, A.C., Paulo, D.F., Esposito, M.C., Villet, M.H., & Azeredo-Espin, A.M. (2012) Molecular phylogenetics of Oestroidea (Diptera: Calyptratae) with emphasis on Calliphoridae: insights into the inter-familial relationships and additional evidence for paraphyly among blow flies. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 65, 840–854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.08.007 
Marinho, M.A.T., Wolff, M., Ramos-Pastrana, Y., Azeredo-Espin, A.M. & Amorim, D.D.S. (2017) The first phylogenetic study of Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) based on molecular data: clades and congruence with morphological characters. Cladistics, 33, 134–152. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12157
Modarresi, S., Khaghaninia, S. & Seyyedi-Sahebari, F. (2019) Review of the subfamily Calliphorinae (Dip.: Calliphoridae) in Iran with two genera and four species as new records. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 5 (1), 47–57. 
Mozaffari, E., Saghafipour, A., Arzamani, K., Jesri, N., Kababian, M. & Hashemi, S.A. (2020) Geographical distribution, biodiversity, and species richness of medically important necrophagous flies in Central Iran. Journal of Medical Entomology, 57 (2), 377–381. https:// doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz203
Parchami-Aragi, M. (1995) The blow flies of subfamily Chrysomyinae (Dip.: Calliphoridae) in Iran. Journal of Entomology Society of Iran, 15, 65–69.
Parchami-Aragi, M. & Tirgari, S. (1995) The first record of four species of subfamilies Chrysomyinae and Rhiniinae (Dip: Calliphoridae) in Iran. In: Parvin, A. (ed.) Proceedings of 12th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 2–7 September 1995. Karadj Junior College of Agriculture, Karadj, Iran, Vol. 1, p. 327.
Parchami-Araghi, M., Peris, S.V. & Gonzalez-Mora, D. (2001) New records of Iranian Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae, with a guide to the males of Palearctic Protocalliphora (Diptera, Calyptratae). Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Sección Biológica, 96, 175–181.
Parchami-Araghi, M., Gilasian, E. & Samaie, A. (2017) New Records of bloodsucking flies associated with wild birds of Haftad-Gholleh protected area, Iran (Diptera: Hippoboscidae, Calliphoridae). Journal of Biodiversity & Endangered Species, 5, 184. https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-2543.1000184 
Pohjoismäki, J. & Kahanpää, J. (2014) Checklist of the superfamilies Oestroidea and Hippoboscoidea of Finland (Insecta, Diptera). In: Kahanpaa, J. & Salmela, J. (eds) Checklist of the Diptera of Finland. ZooKeys, 441, 383–408.     https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.441.7252
Rak, H. & Anwar, M. (1974) Some diptera larvae causing myiasis in Iran. Entomologists Monthly Magazine, 110, 79–80.
Rognes, K. (1991) Blow flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, Volume: 2, 1–272‌. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004273498_024 
Shah-Hoseini, M.J. & Kamali, K. (1989) A checklist of insect’s mites and rodents affecting stored products in Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, Suppl, 5, 1–47.
Schumann, H. (1986) Family Calliphoridae. In: Soós, Á. & Papp, L. (eds) Catalogue of the Palaearctic Diptera 12. Calliphoridae-Sarcophagidae. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest,  pp. 11–58. 
Smith, K.G.V. (1986) A manual of forensic entomology. British Museum (Natural History), London, and Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. 205 p.
Sivell, O. (2021) Blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae, Polleniidae, Rhiniidae). RES Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, 10 (16), 1–208. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781800625532 
Szpila, K. (2010) Key for the identification of third instars of European blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance. In: Amendt, J., Goff, M., Campobasso, C. & Grassberger, M. (eds) Current Concepts in Forensic Entomology. Springer, Dordrecht, Germany, pp. 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9684-6_3 
Szpila, K. (2012) Key for identification of European and Mediterranean blow flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of medical and veterinary importance-adult flies. In: Gennard, D. (ed.) Forensic Entomology, an Introduction. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, UK, 77–81.
Tüzün, A., Dabiri, F. & Yuksel, S. (2010) Preliminary study and Identification of insects’ species of forensic importance in Urmia, Iran. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9 (24), 3649–3658.
Verves, Y.G. (2002) An annotated check-list of Calliphoridae (Diptera) of the Russian Far East. Far Eastern Entomologist, 116, 1–14.
Verves, Y.G. & Khrokalo, L. (2010) The new data on Calliphoridae and Rhinophoridae (Diptera) from Ukraine. Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka, 1, 23–54.
Whitworth, T. (2006) Keys to the genera and species of blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of America north of Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 108, 689–725.
Williams, L.E., Hall, R.D., Broce, A.B. & Scholi, P.J. (1985) Livestock entomology. John Wiley & Sons. New York. 335 p.  
Volume 11, Issue 4
Autumn 2025
Pages 1071-1084

  • Receive Date 24 August 2024
  • Revise Date 30 July 2025
  • Accept Date 20 September 2025
  • Publish Date 01 December 2025