Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics

Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics

Worldwide catalog of Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae): distribution, host associations and notes on their bioecology

Document Type : Monograph

Authors
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, P. O. Box: 98615-538, I. R. Iran
2 Integrative Insect Ecology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phaya Thai Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
3 Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
4 Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
5 Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
6 All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (FSBSI VIZR), Podbelskogo, 3, St Petersburg—Pushkin 196608, Russia
7 Center of Excellence in Integrative Insect Ecology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phaya Thai Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
8 Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, & Plant Science Berg Agricultural Hall 345, Box 2100A, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
9 Center for Convergent Agrobioengineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan-si, Republic of Korea
10 Laboratorio de Entomologfa y Control de Plagas, lnstituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biologfa, Evolutiva, Universicac de Valencia, Aparcado 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
11 Departament de Zoologia, Facultat de Ciències Biològiques, Universitat de València, Campus de Burjassot-Paterna, Bloc B, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
12 Trakya University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 22030 Edirne, Türkiye
13 Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action (DEECA), Mildura, Victoria 3498, Australia
14 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
15 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural Research Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
16 Department of Biology, Junior College, University of Malta, Msida MSD 1252, Malta
17 Department of Crop & Forest Sciences, Universitat de Lleida, Agrotecnio Centre, Lleida, Spain
18 Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P., India
19 Department of Zoology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
20 Research Center Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
21 Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Giorgi Tsereteli 3, 0162 Tbilisi, Georgia
22 Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
23 Žirmunai 49-27, 09107 Vilnius, Lithuania
24 LATPPAM Research Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, University of Batna 1, Batna 05000, Algeria
25 LR21AGRO5: Gestion des productions horticoles en mode conventionnelle et biologique, Institut Supérieur Agronomique Chott Mariem (ISA CM), Sousse University, 4042 Tunisia
26 Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
27 Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš 18000, Serbia
28 Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens
29 Institute of Applied Entomology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310029, China
30 Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
31 Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-336, Tehran, I. R. Iran
10.48311/jibs.12.04.879
Abstract
In this Monograph, the Aphidiinae of the world are cataloged. A total of 733 valid species in 67 genera are recorded, comprising 702 extant species in 54 genera and 29 fossil species assigned to 15 genera. The Palaearctic region contains the largest documented aphidiine fauna. Generic diversity is strongly skewed, with 34 genera represented by a single species and a few species-rich genera accounting for a disproportionate share of the known fauna. Distributions are given according to a scheme of biogeographical divisions developed for this catalog and are most finely divided for the Afrotropical, Australasian, Holarctic (Palaearctic + Nearctic), Neotropical, Oceanic, and Oriental regions. The catalog is based on examination of the primary literature comprising more than 3,370 references from 1818–2026. Nomenclatural details are provided for nominal genera and species, including synonyms at both levels for taxa described or recorded worldwide. For valid species, distributions are provided along with complete name-bearing type data for associated names. Host aphids belong to 1,070 species within 215 genera. A replacement name, Pauesia shii Ghafouri Moghaddam, nom. nov., is proposed for Pauesia rugosa Shi, 2001, a junior primary homonym of Pauesia rugosa Starý & Remaudière, 1982. Herein, we present 146 new country records involving genera and species from 48 countries. Notably, this study provides the first confirmed records of the subfamily Aphidiinae from four countries: Jamaica, Papua New Guinea, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Suriname. Country-level faunal analyses across 142 countries and territories revealed a strongly uneven distribution of documented richness: Russia, the USA, France, India, and China were among the faunistically richest countries. Species richness was strongly associated with generic richness but only weakly related to country area. Europe had the highest median country-level richness, followed by Asia. The long-tailed richness profile showed that a small number of countries contribute a disproportionate share of the documented fauna, whereas several countries still lack published distributional records. These patterns reveal both genuine biogeographical structure and major geographical biases in sampling and taxonomic coverage, providing a baseline for future inventory, taxonomic revision, and research related to biological control. In addition, photographs for more than half of the species, alongside an updated compilation of their biological data, with particular emphasis on their use in biological control are presented.

Graphical Abstract

Worldwide catalog of Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae): distribution, host associations and notes on their bioecology
Keywords
Subjects

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Singh, R., Singh, K. & Upadhyay, B.S. (2000d) Honeydew as a food source for an aphid parasitoid Lipolexis scutellaris Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of Advanced Zoology, 21 (2), 77–83.
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Starý, P. (1972f) Relative abundance of parasite species as an area-dependent phenomenon and its possible significance in biological control (Hym., Aphidiidae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria “Filippo Silvestri” Portici, 30, 19–27.
Starý, P. (1973a) A review of the Aphidius species (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) of Europe. Annotationes Zoologicae et Botanicae, Bratislava, 84, 1–85.
Starý, P. (1973b) A revision of fossil Aphidiidae (Hym.). Annotationes Zoologicae et Botanicae, Bratislava, 87, 1–22.
Starý, P. (1974a) Host range and distribution of Monoctonus nervosus (Hal.) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 75, 212–224. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1974.tb01847.x
Starý, P. (1974b) Parasite spectrum (Hym. Aphidiidae) of aphids associated with Galium. Entomologica Scandinavica, 5, 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631274X00092
Starý, P. (1974c) Parasite spectrum (Hym.: Aphidiidae) of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Hom., Aphididae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria “Filippo Silvestri” Portici, 31, 61–98.
Starý, P. (1974d) Pseudaclitus dysaphidis gen. n. & sp. n., a new parasite of Dysaphis aphids in Central Asia (Hom., Aphididae; Hym., Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 71 (3), 178–181.
Starý, P. (1974e) Taxonomy, origin, distribution and host range of Aphidius species (Hym., Aphidiidae) in relation to biological control of the pea aphid in Europe and North America. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 77, 141–171.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1974.tb03242.x
Starý, P. (1974f) The emergence hole of aphid parasites (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae): Its significance in a natural system. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 71, 209–216.
Starý, P. (1975a) A checklist of the Far East Asian Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Beiträge zur Entomologie, 25, 53–76.
Starý, P. (1975b) Aphidius colemani Viereck: its taxonomy, distribution and host range. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 72, 156–163.
Starý, P. (1975c) Parasites (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) of leaf-curling apple aphids in Czechoslovakia. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 72 (2), 99–114.
Starý, P. (1975d) Pseudopraon mindariphagum gen.n., sp.n. (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) description and life history of a parasite of Mindarus abietinus (Homoptera, Mindaridae) in Central Europe. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 72, 249–259.
Starý, P. (1975e) The subgeneric classification of Lysiphlebus Förster 1862. Annotationes Zoologicae et Botanicae, Bratislava, 105, 1–9.
Starý, P. (1976a) Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera, Aphididae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. Junk, B.V., The Hague. 95 pp.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1561-5
Starý, P. (1976b) External female genitalia of the Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 73, 102–112.
Starý, P. (1976c) Parasite spectrum and relative abundance of parasites of cereal aphids in Czechoslovakia. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 73 (4), 216–223.
Starý, P. (1976d) Two new Pseudephedrus Starý aphid parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) associated with Nothofagus in South America. With notes on continental drift. Entomologica Scandinavica, 7, 24–30. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631276X00045
Starý, P. (1977) Dendrocerus-hyperparasites of aphids in Czechoslovakia (Hymenoptera, Ceraphronoidea). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 74 (1), 1–9.
Starý, P. (1978a) Parasitoid spectrum of the arboricolous callaphid aphids in Europe (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae; Homoptera, Aphidoidea, Callaphidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 75, 164–177.
Starý, P. (1978b) Seasonal relations between lucerne, red clover, wheat and barley agroecosystems through the aphids and parasitoids (Homoptera, Aphididae; Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 75, 296–311.
Starý, P. (1978c) Spécificité parasitaire. Phénologie des hôtes et relations entre les agroécole systèmes dans les programmes de lutte contre les insectes nuisibles (Hyménoptères: Aphidiides). Annales de Zoologie Ecologie Animale, 10, 335–343.
Starý, P. (1979a) Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera, Aphididae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk, B.V., The Hague. 105 pp.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9637-3
Starý, P. (1979b) Indaphidius curvicaudatus gen. n., sp. n. (Hymenoptera Aphidiidae), an aphid parasitoid from India. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 76 (1), 34–37.
Starý, P. (1981a) Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) of Cuba. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 78, 33–42.
Starý, P. (1981b) Biosystematic synopsis of parasitoids on cereal aphids in the western Palearctic (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae, Homoptera, Aphididae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 78, 382–396.
Starý, P. (1981c) Biosystematical classification of Trioxys Hal. & related genera (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria “Filippo Silvestri” Portici, 38, 85–93.
Starý, P. (1981d) Mesopraon helleni gen.n., sp.n. (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) from Finland. Notulae Entomologicae, 61, 175–176.
Starý, P. (1981e) On the strategy, tactics and trends of host specificity evolution in aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 78 (2), 65–75.
Starý, P. (1982a) My experience in research. Entomotaxonomia, 4 (4), 311–314
Starý, P. (1982b) The role of ash (Fraxinus) as a reservoir of aphid parasitoids in Central Europe with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 79 (2), 97–107.  
Starý, P. (1983a) Colour patterns of adults as evidence on Aphidius ervi biotypes in field environments (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 80, 377–384.
Starý, P. (1983b) Colour patterns of Aphidius ervi Hal. on the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.) in the Palearctic (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria “Filippo Silvestri” Portici, 40, 55–59.
Starý, P. (1983c) Indirect pathogenic effects of aphid mummies on the leaf surface (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 80 (4), 241–245.
Starý, P. (1983d) New species and records of aphid parasitoids from Mexico (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 80, 35–48.
Starý, P. (1983e) Parapraon, a new genus of the Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 80, 206–209.
Starý, P. (1983f) The perennial stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) as a reservoir of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 80, 81–86.
Starý, P. (1985) Two new Lysiphlebus species from Europe (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 82 (6), 426–430.
Starý, P. (1986a) Creeping thistle, Cirsium arvense, as a reservoir of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) in agroecosystems. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 83, 425–431.
Starý, P. (1986b) Specificity of parasitoids (Hym., Aphidiidae) to the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae complex, in agroecosystems. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 83, 24–29.
Starý, P. (1987a) Aphid parasitoids in an urban environment (Hym., Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 84, 91–101.
Starý, P. (1987b) Aphid-ant-parasitoid association on the creeping thistle, Cirsium arvense, in agroecosystems in Czechoslovakia. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 84 (1), 15–21.
Starý, P. (1987c) Subject bibliography of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the world 1758–1982. Monographs to Applied Entomology, 25, 1–101.
Starý, P. (1988a) Autriquella aptera gen. n., sp. n. from the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 283–286.
Starý, P. (1988b) Biotypes and interspecific relations of Trioxys parasitoids on arboricolous pest aphids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae; Homoptera, Callaphidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 85, 182–190.
Starý, P. (1989a) Aphidiidae. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Prague, XIX, 45–48.
Starý, P. (1989b) Incomplete parasitization in aphids and its role in pest management (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 86 (5), 356–367.
Starý, P. (1990a) The asparagus aphid, Brachycorynella asparagi (Mordv.) and its natural enemy spectrum in Czechoslovakia. Journal of Applied Entomology, 110, 253–260. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1990.tb00120.x
Starý, P. (1990b) Trioxys brevicornis, a new parasitoid and potential biocontrol agent of the asparagus aphid, Brachycorynella asparagi (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae; Homoptera, Aphidoidea). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 87 (2), 87–96.
Starý, P. (1991) Philadelphus coronarius L. as a reservoir of aphids and parasitoids. Journal of Applied Entomology, 112, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1991.tb01021.x
Starý, P. (1993a) Alternative host and parasitoid in first method in aphid pest management in glasshouses. Journal of Applied Entomology, 116 (2), 187–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1993.tb01187.x
Starý, P. (1993b) The fate of released parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) for biological control of aphids in Chile. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 83, 633–639. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300040062
Starý, P. (1994) Aphid parasitoid fauna (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) of the southern beech (Nothofagus) forest. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 29, 87–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650529409360921
Starý, P. (1995a) Natural enemy spectrum of Aphis spiraephaga (Hom., Aphididae), an exotic immigrant aphid in Central Europe. Entomophaga, 40 (1), 29–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372678
Starý, P. (1995b) Terrestrial invertebrates of the Palava Biosphere Reserve of UNESCO, 2. Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea 2. (Aphidiidae). Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis Biologia, 93, 255–259.
Starý, P. (1995c) The Aphidiidae of Chile (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea, Aphidiidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 42 (1), 113–138. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4810420112
Starý, P. (1996) Occurrence of anholocyclic strains of pest aphids on winter barley and wheat in South Moravia, Czech Republic. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz, 69 (7), 149–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01906804
Starý, P. (1999a) Biology and distribution of microbe-associated thelytokous populations of aphid parasitoids (Hym., Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 123 (4), 231–235.  https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0418.1999.00345.x
Starý, P. (1999b) Parasitoids and biocontrol of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdj.) expanding in central Europe. Journal of Applied Entomology, 123, 273–279. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0418.1999.00348.x
Starý, P. (2002) Field establishment of Aphidius colemani Vier. (Hym., Braconidae, Aphidiinae) in the Czech Republic. Journal of Applied Entomology, 126 (7–8), 405–408. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0418.2002.00663.x
Starý, P. (2005) New species and a review of aphid parasitoids of Madagascar (Hym., Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Linzer Biologische Beitraege, 37 (2), 1711–1718.
Starý, P. (2006) Aphid Parasitoids of the Czech Republic (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Academia, Praha. 431 pp.
Starý, P. & Bhagat, R.C. (1978) Records and descriptions of aphid parasitoids from Kashmir, India (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 75 (6), 387–393.
Starý, P. & Carver, M. (1971) A new genus and species of Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera) parasitizing Sensoriaphis (Hemiptera) on Nothofagus in New South Wales. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 10, 175–178.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1971.tb00028.x
Starý, P. & Carver, M. ([1979]1980) Two new species of Aphidius Nees (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea: Aphidiidae) from Australia. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 18 (4), 337–341.    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1979.tb00862.x
Starý, P. & Cermeli, M. (1989) Parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) de áfidos en plantas cultivadas de Venezuela. Boletin de Entomologia Venezolana, 5, 77–80.
Starý, P. & Choi, J.Y. (2000) An annotated review of tritrophic associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) in Korea. Insecta Koreana, 17, 91–109.
Starý, P. & Delfino, M.A. (1987) Parasitoids (Hym., Aphidiidae) of aphids (Hom., Aphididae) in Tucumán, Argentine. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria “Filippo Silvestri” Portici, 43 [1986], 41–50.
Starý, P. & Erdelen, C. (1982) Aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Aphidiidae, Aphelinidae) from the Yemen Arab Republic. Entomophaga, 27, 105–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371943
Starý, P. & Ghosh, A.K. (1975) Aphid parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) from Meghalaya. Oriental Insects, 9 (3), 343–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1975.10434504
Starý, P. & Ghosh, A.K. (1978) Further records of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) from Meghalaya, India. Oriental Insects, 12, 77–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1978.10434553
Starý, P. & Ghosh, A.K. (1979) Redescription of Trioxys nepalensis (Takada) and new host records of some aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) from Meghalaya, India. Oriental Insects, 13, 41–45.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1979.10433540
Starý, P. & Ghosh, A.K. (1983) Aphid parasitoids of India and adjacent countries (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Zoological Survey of India, 7, 1–96.
Starý, P. & González, D. (1978) Parasitoid spectrum of Acyrthosiphon aphids in Central Asia (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Scandinavian Entomology, 9, 140–145. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631278X00089
Starý, P. & González, D. (1991) The Chenopodium aphid, Hayhurstia atricplicis (L.) (Hom., Aphididae), a parasitoid reservoir and a source of biocontrol agents in pest management. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 111, 243–248.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1991.tb00319.x
Starý, P. & González, D. (1992) Field acceptance of exposed exotic aphids by indigenous natural enemies (Homoptera: Aphidina: Aphididae). Entomologia Generalis, 17 (2), 121–129. https://doi.org/10.1127/entom.gen/17/1992/121
Starý, P. & Havelka, J. (1990) The aphid Macrosiphum albifrons, a new pest of Lupinus species in Czechoslovakia. Ochrana Rostlin (Prague), 26 (1), 53–58.
Starý, P. & Havelka, J. (1991) Macrosiphum albifrons Essig, an invasive lupin aphid and its natural-enemy complex in Czechoslovakia (Homoptera, Aphididae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 88, 111–120.
Starý, P. & Havelka, J. (2008) Fauna and associations of aphid parasitoids in an up-dated farmland area (Czech Republic). Bulletin of Insectology, 61 (2), 251–276.
Starý, P. & Juchnevič, L.A. (1978) Aphid parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) from Kazakhstan, USSR. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 48, 523–532.
Starý, P. & Kaddou, I.K. (1971) Fauna and distribution of aphid parasites (Hym. Aphidiidae) in Iraq. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 14, 179–198.
Starý, P. & Leclant, F. (1973) Ephedrus blattnyi sp.n. (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae), a new parasite of Pterocomma ringdahli Wahlgr. (Hem., Hom., Aphidiidae) from Czechoslovakia. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 70 (4), 269–271.
Starý, P. & Leclant, F. (1977) Pauesia (Pauesia) cedrobii, n.sp., premier parasite connu du puceron de cèdre Cedrobium laportei Remaudière (Hym. Aphidiidae). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 13 (1), 159–163.  https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1977.12278628
Starý, P. & Lukáš, J. (2009) Aphid parasitoids and their tritrophic associations in Slovakia Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Folia Hymenopterologica Slovaca Bratislava, 1, 1–63.
Starý, P. & Lyon, J.P. (1980) Acyrthosiphon pisum ononis (Homoptera, Aphididae) and Ononis species as reservoirs of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 77, 65–75.
Starý, P. & Mackauer, M. (1971) Trioxys acericola, n.sp. (Hym., Aphidiidae), a parasite of the aphid Drepanosiphoniella from France. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 7 (4), 885–887. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1971.12277796
Starý, P. & Marsh, P.M. (1982) A new species of Trioxys (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) parasitic on a pecan aphid. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 84 (4), 726–728.
Starý, P. & Němec, V. (1985) Population diversity in monophagous aphid parasitoids (Hym., Aphidiidae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 100 (3), 265–271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1985.tb02779.x
Starý, P. & Němec, V. (1986) Common elder, Sambucus nigra, as a reservoir of aphids and parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 83, 271–278.
Starý, P. & Rakauskas, R.P. (1979) Adialytus balticus sp.n., a parasitoid of Dysaphis anthrisci from the east Baltic (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae; Homoptera, Aphididae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 76 (5), 313–317.
Starý, P. & Raychaudhuri, D. (1977) A new species of Pauesia (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) parasitic on Lachnus tropicalis (Homoptera: Aphididae) in India. Oriental Insects, 11 (2), 233–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1977.10434538
Starý, P. & Raychaudhuri, D. (1978) Trioxys (Betuloxys) takecallis sp.nov. from India (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Oriental Insects, 12 (3), 365–368. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1978.10432097
Starý, P. & Raychaudhuri, D. (1982) New aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) from northwestern India. Oriental Insects, 16 (3), 297–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1982.10434317
Starý, P. & Rejmanek, M. (1981) Number of parasitoids per host in different systematic groups of aphids: the implications for introduction strategy in biological control (Homoptera: Aphidoidea; Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 15 (suppl.), 341–351.
Starý, P. & Remaudière, G. (1973) Some aphid parasites (Hym., Aphidiidae) from Spain. Entomophaga, 18 (3), 287–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371476
Starý, P. & Remaudière, G. (1977) Some aphid parasitoids (Hym. Aphidiidae) from Nearctic America. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 13 (4), 669–674. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1977.12278665
Starý, P. & Remaudière, G. (1982) New genera, species, and host records of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) from Mexico. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 18 (1), 107–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1982.12278309
Starý, P. & Remaudière, G. (1983) Complements to the aphid parasitoid fauna of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 19 (1), 113–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1983.12278351
Starý, P. & Remaudière, G. (1987) Trioxys inulaecola, sp.n. (Hymenoptera Aphidiidae), parasite de Capitophorus inulae (Homoptera Aphididae, Passerini) dans le sud de la France. Revue Francaise d'Entomologie (N.S.) 9 (1), 49–51.
Starý, P. & Remaudière, G. (1988) Los parasitos de los pulgones en Mejico (Hym. Aphidiidae, Hom. Aphididae). Studia Oecologica, 5, 287–302.
Starý, P. & Rupais, A. (1963) [The parasites of dendrophilous aphids in East Baltic]. Latvijas Entomologs, 7, 63–67. [in Russian]
Starý, P. & Rupais, A. (1964) [New data on aphid parasites in the Baltic region]. Latvijas PSR Zinatnu Akademijas Vestis, 8 (205), 63–68. [in Russian]
Starý, P. & Schlinger, E.S. (1967) A revision of the Far East Asian Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Series Entomologica. Dr. W. Junk. The Hague. 204 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6337-0
Starý, P. & Schmutterer, H. (1973) A review of aphid parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) in Kenya. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 74, 351–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1973.tb01816.x
Starý, P. & Sedlag, U. (1959) Aphidius (Metaphidius) trioxyformis, eine neue Art und Untergattung der Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera Braconidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 6, 160–165. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.19590060117
Starý, P. & Sekkat, A. (1987) Parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae) of aphid pests in Morocco. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 23 (2), 145–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1987.12278819
Starý, P. & Smith, C.F. (1976) The Nearctic distribution, host plants and nomenclature of Monoctonus (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 78 (2), 171–175.
Starý, P. & Stechmann, D.H. (1990) Ephedrus cerasicola Starý, a new biocontrol agent of the banana aphid, Pentalonia nigronervosa Coq. (Hym., Aphidiidae; Hom., Aphididae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 109, 457–462.   https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1990.tb00076.x
Starý, P. & Stechmann, D.H. (1991) Niche distribution and dispersal of the banana aphid, Pentalonia nigronervosa in relation to parasitization by biocontrol agents (Hom., Aphididae; Hym., Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 88 (3–4), 187–195.
Starý, P. & van Harten, A. (1974) Vanhartenia paoliellae gen. n., sp. n., a parasite of paolielline aphids from Africa (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae; Homoptera, Callaphididae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 71 (1), 27–29.
Starý, P. & van Harten, A. (1983) Aphid parasitoids from Bangladesh (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Entomologische Berichten, 43, 29–32.
Starý, P. & van Harten, A. (1992) Aphid parasitoids in the Cape Verde Islands (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae, Aphidiidae). Miscellania Zoologica (Barcelona), 16, 113–116.
Starý, P. & Vogel, M. (1985) Aphid parasitoids in the sub-Antarctic (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae). Spixiana, 8 (1), 25–31.
Starý, P. & Völkl, W. (1988) Aggregations of aphid parasitoid adults (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 105, 270–279. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1988.tb00186.x
Starý, P. & Zeleny, J. (1983) Aphid parasitoids from Vietnam (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 80, 190–195.
Starý, P. & Zuparko, R.L. (1995) A new species of Trioxys (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 71 (3), 173–175.
Starý, P. & Zuparko, R.L. (2002) Diaeretus essigellae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a new species parasitic on Essigella pine aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) from California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 78 (1), 56–61.
Starý, P. & Zuparko, R.L. (2005) Pauesia decurrens sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of a Cinara sp. (Homoptera: Aphididae) from California. Pan Pacific Entomologist, 81 (3–4), 171–176.
Starý, P., Remaudière, G. & Leclant, F. (1971) Les Aphidiidae (Hym.) de France et leurs hotes (Hom. Aphididae). Entomophaga, Mémoire, 5, 1–65.
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  • Receive Date 26 October 2025
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